Stratospheric Ozone-induced Cloud Radiative Effects on Antarctic Sea Ice

Xia, Y.; Hu, Yongyun; Liu, Jiping; Huang, Yi; Xie, Fei; Lin, Jintai

doi:10.1007/s00376-019-8251-6

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…It results in an increase in vertical temperature gradient which is the largest at the tropopause region and consequent decreases of static stability in the upper troposphere. The changes in static stability further lead to an increase of high clouds at around 300 hPa especially in April and May (Figures 2d–2f), which is consistent with the results in the previous studies (Li & Thompson, 2013; Nowack et al., 2015; Xia et al., 2016, 2018; Xia, Hu, et al., 2020). The correlation analysis further demonstrates that ozone significantly impacts the Arctic high clouds (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…(2018) found that the changes in upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric ozone significantly influence the static stability in the upper troposphere and consequent variations of high clouds, which further impact the longwave radiation at surface. Stratospheric ozone‐induced cloud radiative effects result in significant change in Antarctic sea ice, which are comparable to that due to atmospheric and oceanic dynamic processes (Xia, Hu, et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This severe ozone loss was closely related to an extremely strong and cold polar vortex due to weak tropospheric wave activities (Lawrence et al., 2020; Manney et al., 2020; Rao & Garfinkel, 2020). It is important to note that stratospheric ozone changes can also impact surface temperature through radiative effects (Maleska et al., 2020; Xia et al., 2016, 2018; Xia, Hu, et al., 2020; Xie et al., 2016, 2017). Xia et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant Contribution of Severe Ozone Loss to the Siberian‐Arctic Surface Warming in Spring 2020

Xia

Huang

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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There was an unusual warmth with global attention in the Siberian Arctic from January through June 2020. It had a prominent effect that led to record-low sea ice in the adjacent Kara and Laptev Seas, an abnormal wildfire season, thawing permafrost, and even changes in ecosystem. Overland and Wang (2020) indicates that the extreme positive Arctic Oscillation (AO) induced by the record-strong stratospheric polar vortex was the proximate cause for the warm extremes from January through April 2020.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant Contribution of Severe Ozone Loss to the Siberian‐Arctic Surface Warming in Spring 2020

Xia

Huang

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Furthermore, ozone depletion has been linked to a reduction in downwelling long-wave 19 radiation. This reduction would also cool the Southern Ocean [ 142 , 143 ]. In contrast to these studies, results from state-of-the-art earth-system models clearly indicate that ozone depletion in the second half of the twentieth century should have caused a reduction in sea ice extent, mainly by promoting the redistribution of ocean heat content [ 140 , 141 , 143 – 145 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Recent Changes In Stratospheric Ozone On Climate ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric ozone, UV radiation, and climate interactions

Bernhard

Bais

Aucamp³

et al. 2023

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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This assessment provides a comprehensive update of the effects of changes in stratospheric ozone and other factors (aerosols, surface reflectivity, solar activity, and climate) on the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the Earth’s surface. The assessment is performed in the context of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and its Amendments and Adjustments. Changes in UV radiation at low- and mid-latitudes (0–60°) during the last 25 years have generally been small (e.g., typically less than 4% per decade, increasing at some sites and decreasing at others) and were mostly driven by changes in cloud cover and atmospheric aerosol content, caused partly by climate change and partly by measures to control tropospheric pollution. Without the Montreal Protocol, erythemal (sunburning) UV irradiance at northern and southern latitudes of less than 50° would have increased by 10–20% between 1996 and 2020. For southern latitudes exceeding 50°, the UV Index (UVI) would have surged by between 25% (year-round at the southern tip of South America) and more than 100% (South Pole in spring). Variability of erythemal irradiance in Antarctica was very large during the last four years. In spring 2019, erythemal UV radiation was at the minimum of the historical (1991–2018) range at the South Pole, while near record-high values were observed in spring 2020, which were up to 80% above the historical mean. In the Arctic, some of the highest erythemal irradiances on record were measured in March and April 2020. For example in March 2020, the monthly average UVI over a site in the Canadian Arctic was up to 70% higher than the historical (2005–2019) average, often exceeding this mean by three standard deviations. Under the presumption that all countries will adhere to the Montreal Protocol in the future and that atmospheric aerosol concentrations remain constant, erythemal irradiance at mid-latitudes (30–60°) is projected to decrease between 2015 and 2090 by 2–5% in the north and by 4–6% in the south due to recovering ozone. Changes projected for the tropics are ≤ 3%. However, in industrial regions that are currently affected by air pollution, UV radiation will increase as measures to reduce air pollutants will gradually restore UV radiation intensities to those of a cleaner atmosphere. Since most substances controlled by the Montreal Protocol are also greenhouse gases, the phase-out of these substances may have avoided warming by 0.5–1.0 °C over mid-latitude regions of the continents, and by more than 1.0 °C in the Arctic; however, the uncertainty of these calculations is large. We also assess the effects of changes in stratospheric ozone on climate, focusing on the poleward shift of climate zones, and discuss the role of the small Antarctic ozone hole in 2019 on the devastating “Black Summer” fires in Australia. Additional topics include the assessment of advances in measuring and modeling of UV radiation; methods for determining personal UV exposure; the effect of solar radiation management (stratospheric aerosol injections) on UV radiation relevant for plants; and possible revisions to the vitamin D action spectrum, which describes the wavelength dependence of the synthesis of previtamin D3 in human skin upon exposure to UV radiation. Graphical abstract

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“…We calculate the TOA radiative feedbacks using the radiative kernel method introduced by Huang, et al 54 , which has been widely used in decomposition of radiative effects for climate change analysis [55][56][57][58][59][60][61] .…”

Section: Radiative Kernel Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparable sulfate climate impacts by consumption of developed and developing countries

Lin

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Regional consumption activities supported by domestic production and international trade have led to substantial amounts of aerosols worldwide, yet the resulting impacts on the global climate system remains unknown. Here we quantify for the first time the climate response to aerosols associated with consumption by developing and developed countries, by integrating a most current-generation fully coupled Earth system model, a recent multi-regional input-output table and an updated emission inventory used for climate change assessment. We find that although consumption associated sulfur dioxide emissions of developed countries are only 60% of those of developing countries, they lead to comparable impacts on the global mean surface air temperature (-0.20±0.09 versus -0.18±0.11 K; with 2 standard deviations) and precipitation (-0.017±0.017 versus -0.019±0.019 mm/day). This is because the emissions of developed countries and resulting forcing are more evenly distributed zonally and located at higher latitudes than the emissions of developing countries. Emissions of both developing and developed countries strongly cool the Northern Hemisphere and cause southward movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, while emissions of developing countries have stronger temperature and precipitation impacts over the tropical monsoon regions of China and India. This work serves as the first step of a comprehensive assessment of consumption associated climate impacts in support of global concerted action towards sustainable consumption and stabilized climate.

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Stratospheric Ozone-induced Cloud Radiative Effects on Antarctic Sea Ice

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Significant Contribution of Severe Ozone Loss to the Siberian‐Arctic Surface Warming in Spring 2020

Significant Contribution of Severe Ozone Loss to the Siberian‐Arctic Surface Warming in Spring 2020

Stratospheric ozone, UV radiation, and climate interactions

Comparable sulfate climate impacts by consumption of developed and developing countries

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