“…González & Vergara, 1962), or to the Eocene based on freshwater bivalves (Niemeyer & Muñoz, 1983), has been a subject of debate. Subsequent studies conducted various K/Ar, Ar/ Ar, and U-Pb radiometric analyses on volcanic and sedimentary strata within the CMS Formation, resulting in age determinations spanning the early, middle, and late Miocene (figs 4, and 5, and table 1; Encinas et al, 2022;Flynn et al, 2008;Herriott, 2006;Pedroza et al, 2017;Suárez & Emparán, 1995). These ages are supported by distinct mammalian assemblages, ranging from the Colhuehuapian (early Miocene) to potentially the Mayoan (late middle Miocene) SALMAs (Flynn et al, 2008;Solórzano et al, 2019Solórzano et al, , 2020Solórzano et al, , 2021Solórzano et al, , 2023.…”