Stratigraphy, depositional history and environments of deposition of Cretaceous through Tertiary strata in the Lamu Basin, southeast Kenya and implications for reservoirs for hydrocarbon exploration

A 17-My-old whale constrains onset of uplift and climate change in east Africa

“…However, between 23 and 17 Ma, when the whale stranded, high sea stands of approximately +10 m (28) flooded the Lamu Embayment (Fig. 3A) as evidenced by Early Miocene shallow coastal marine sediments of the Baratumu Formation recorded in subsurface cores (20). These sediments correspond in age to the Loperot locality and occur some 50 km west of the town of Garissa (20), bringing the sea closer to the West Turkana region.…”

“…3A) as evidenced by Early Miocene shallow coastal marine sediments of the Baratumu Formation recorded in subsurface cores (20). These sediments correspond in age to the Loperot locality and occur some 50 km west of the town of Garissa (20), bringing the sea closer to the West Turkana region. Regardless of its exact route, the distance the whale swam from the sea to its final stranding was considerable.…”

“…This basin is superimposed on an area of widespread Cretaceous extension associated with the Anza Graben, a northwest to southeastoriented rift basin, which is also filled with Paleocene to Miocene fluviolacustrine strata that transition upward into marine units toward the Kenya-Somalia coast in the Lamu Embayment (Fig. 1B) (19,20). The Anza Graben constitutes a failed rift arm, which once linked rifting in the Central African Shear Zone with extensional processes in eastern Kenya that led to the separation of Madagascar from Africa (19).…”

The raised coral reef complex of the Kenyan coast: Tridacna gigas U-series dates and geological implications

“…The setting of this sedimentary cycle is particularly clear in the stretch of coast just north of Mombasa. In the broad area occupied by the Bambury cement factory and quarries, the contact between the reef limestones with T. gigas and the sequence of dark grey, stratified marls of certain pre-Miocene age (Raiss-Assa, 1988;Nyagah, 1995) can be observed (Fig. 5).…”

Storms and tsunamis: evidence of event sedimentation in the Late Jurassic Tendaguru Beds of southeastern Tanzania

“…4. Palaeogeographic sketch map for East and Northeast Africa during Late Jurassic times (based mainly on Bosellini, 1989;Mette, 1993;Russo et al, 1994;Nyagah, 1995;Salman and Abdula, 1995;Mpanda, 1997;Reynolds et al, 1997;Stampfli et al, 2001;Golonka, 2002). For discussion see text.…”