Stratigraphy and Sedimentology of the Upper Pleistocene to Holocene Lake Chalco Drill Cores (Mexico Basin)

Valero‐Garcés, Blas L.; Stockhecke, Mona; Lozano‐García, Socorro; Ortega, Beatríz; Caballero, Margarita; Fawcett, Peter J.; Werne, Josef P.; Brown, E. T.; Najera, Susana Sosa; Pearthree, Kristin; McGee, David; Hodgetts, Alastair G.E.; Martinez, Rodrigo Patricio Villa

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-66576-0_14

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“…Una característica que resulta notoria en los sedimentos de esta secuencia es su relativamente alto contenido de componentes biogénicos calcáreos, en comparación con los registros de la subcuenca de Chalco, ubicada al este de Xochimilco (e.g. Ortega-Guerrero et al, 2017;Valero-Garcés et al, 2021). Esta diferencia refleja que la subcuenca de Xochimilco ha tenido una menor subsidencia y que su sistema lacustre en general tuvo un tirante más somero.…”

Section: Evolución Deposicional De La Cuenca De Xochimilco E Implicac...unclassified

“…Recientes investigaciones en Chalco demuestran que los registros lacustres en la cuenca de México abarcan varios cientos de miles de años (e.g. Ortega-Guerrero et al, 2017;Valero-Garcés et al, 2021), aunque hasta el momento han sido estudiados en menor detalle que los de temporalidad más corta anteriormente mencionados. Los registros que comprenden varias decenas o centenas de milenios de años son importantes porque abarcan los ciclos glaciales-interglaciales que caracterizan al Cuaternario, lo que contribuye a la comprensión de la variabilidad climática global, y porque incluyen localmente la historia del origen y evolución geológica y ambiental de las cuencas lacustres.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Holocene and Upper Pleistocene stratigraphy of Xochimilco lake, central Mexico

Ortega‐Guerrero¹,

García²,

Cruz³

et al. 2022

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The lacustrine system developed in the basin of Mexico has been of great interest in studies of various geological and social disciplines. Its sediments preserve the history of the environmental changes that occurred during the late Quaternary. Between 2016 and 2018, a set of lacustrine sediment cores were collected in the Xochimilco sub-basin, located south of the basin of Mexico. From these sedimentary sequences, a master sequence was constructed that represents the upper 66.5 m of the lacustrine deposits. For the establishment of its stratigraphic column, 15 lithotypes were defined from their sedimentary components in which the clastic components made up of silicates dominate, mostly silt and clay in size. The most abundant biogenic fraction is diatoms that frequently form oozes, and ostracods are a common component in most of the sequence, which locally form hashes. Interbedded with the clastic and biogenic lithotypes are volcaniclastic deposits. Eight lithological units were defined based on their dominant lithotypes. The time scale of the sequence is still uncertain for the oldest sediments; however, it is estimated that it covers the last 300000 to 350000 years. From this temporality, environmental oscillations of millennial scales are inferred. Diatom-rich laminated sediments represent the deepest phases in the lake. The deposits with higher biogenic and authigenic calcareous components indicate the phases of higher ionic concentration during which the lake was shallower. The detailed analysis of the stratigraphy and the description of the sedimentary components in Xochimilco allows to establish an initial interpretation of the variations in the depositional environments, and provides the base from which the detailed studies of paleoclimatic indicators will be supported.

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Section: Evolución Deposicional De La Cuenca De Xochimilco E Implicac...unclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified