Stratigraphic records of tsunamis along the <scp>J</scp>apan <scp>S</scp>ea, southwest <scp>H</scp>okkaido, northern <scp>J</scp>apan

Kawakami, Gentaro; Nishina, Kenji; Kase, Yoshihiro; Tajika, Jun; Hayashi, Keitaro; Hirose, Wataru; Sagayama, Tsumoru; Watanabe, Teiji; Ishimaru, Satoshi; Koshimizu, Ken'ichi; Takahashi, Ryo; Hirakawa, Kazuomi

doi:10.1111/iar.12197

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…(a) Kaitorima in Okushiri Island, (b) Taisei in Setana Town, (c) Kumaishi‐ayukawa in Yakumo Town, (d) Himekawa in Otobe Town and Gorinzawa in Esashi Town, (e) Tomarikawa in Esashi Town, and (f) Kaminokuni. Purple dots show locations where tsunami deposits of the 1741 tsunami were found by survey (Kawakami et al, ). Cross marks show locations where tsunami deposits of the 1741 tsunami were not found.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along the southern Hiyama coast, a tabular, cobble‐bearing gravelly bed of the 1741 event overlies the Ko‐d layer (6.9‐m elevation) with an erosive contact in Kaminokuni Town (F in Figure b). In alluvial plains (approximately 3–6 m elevation), tsunami sand beds of the 1741 event are present in peat and distributed 600–1,000 m inland from the present shoreline at Himekawa in Otobe Town (D in Figure b) and at Gorinzawa in Esashi Town (Kawakami et al, ).…”

Section: Tsunami Deposits and Historical Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Manning's roughness coefficient, n 2 = 0.15, was selected to fit the computed tsunami inundation areas and to the distributions of tsunami deposits. Computed inundation area (Kawakami et al, 2017). Cross marks show locations where tsunami deposits of the 1741 tsunami were not found.…”

Section: 1029/2018jb016166mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation of the Landslide and Tsunami Due to the 1741 Oshima‐Oshima Eruption in Hokkaido, Japan

et al. 2019

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Sector collapse during the 1741 eruption of Oshima‐Oshima volcano (southwestern Hokkaido, Japan) generated a large tsunami in the Japan Sea. The tsunami caused severe damage along the Oshima (Hokkaido) and Tsugaru (Honshu) peninsulas. Tsunami deposits due to the 1741 event were identified along the Okushiri and Hiyama coast in Hokkaido. In this study, we numerically simulated the landslide and tsunami generated by the 1741 Oshima‐Oshima eruption using an improved two‐layer model to explain the depositional area of the landslide, the tsunami heights written in historical records, and the distributions of tsunami deposits. Areas of erosion and deposition by the 1741 landslide were estimated from the bathymetric data on the northern slope of Oshima‐Oshima volcano. In addition, previous topography before the sector collapse was restored. From the bathymetry difference before and after the landslide, the volume of collapsed material was estimated at 2.2 km3. Based on those data, the landslide and tsunami were numerically simulated by solving equations of an improved two‐layer model that incorporates Manning's formula in the bottom friction terms of the lower layer. An apparent friction angle of 2.5 and a Manning's roughness coefficient of 0.15 were selected to explain the area of deposition estimated from the bathymetry analysis and distributions of tsunami deposits. The thickness distribution of the computed landslide mass fits relatively well with the depositional area. Computed tsunami heights match those from historical records along the Hiyama coast. Computed tsunami inundation areas cover most of the distributions of tsunami deposits identified along the coasts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tsunami Deposits and Historical Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation of the Landslide and Tsunami Due to the 1741 Oshima‐Oshima Eruption in Hokkaido, Japan

et al. 2019

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“…Murotani et al (2015) showed that the horizontal displacement due to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake generated very small waves that arrived at coasts along the Japan Sea faster than the primary waves, indicating that the horizontal displacement due to earthquakes may be important when discussing tsunami deformations occurring in the sea. The history of tsunamis in the Japan Sea has also been studied, mainly based on investigations of tsunami deposits (Urabe 2017;Kawakami et al 2017;Razjigaeva et al 2018). Urabe (2017) conducted borehole surveys to determine the tsunami history for the Niigata Prefecture in Japan and estimated that the average tsunami-deposit recurrence intervals were 340 and 790 years for Lake Kamo and Iwafune Lagoon in the prefecture, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study on nearshore behavior of Japan Sea tsunamis using Green’s functions for Gaussian sources based on linear Boussinesq theory

Yamanaka

Sato

Shimozono

et al. 2019

Coastal Engineering Journal

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The aim of this study is to estimate how and what kinds of tsunamis are generated near shorelines in the Japan Sea, using earthquake tsunami sources proposed by the Japanese government. Tsunami propagation based on these sources was first simulated based on the linear Boussinesq theory for Miho Bay, where a historical tsunami inundated the shoreline.The results indicate that tsunami sources not only near the bay but also farther from the bay could generate significant tsunami fluctuations. Thus, the amplification of the latter tsunamis was examined using Fourier analysis. Tsunami waveforms in the bay periodically fluctuate with large amplitudes after the first wave. The Fourier analysis specified these periods to be 13-16 min, consistent with the estimated resonance periods of the bay. Therefore, it can be concluded that one of the factors responsible for the amplification of tsunamis in Miho Bay is the bay-scale resonance. To investigate why resonance occurs during tsunamis, a relationship between the tsunami source geometry and the generated tsunami was examined. This analysis indicates that specific tsunami sources located in critical areas could enhance the resonance in Miho Bay. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Tsunami deposits were collected along the coast of the Japan Sea in Hokkaido by recent studies (Kase et al 2016;Kawakami et al 2017b) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault model of the 12th century southwestern Hokkaido earthquake estimated from tsunami deposit distributions

Ioki

Tanioka

Kawakami

et al. 2019

Earth Planets Space

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Tsunami deposits were collected along the coast of southwestern Hokkaido and Okushiri Island, northern Japan. The distribution of these deposits suggested that large earthquakes and tsunamis have repeatedly occurred off southwestern Hokkaido. Along the southern coast of Okushiri Island, five tsunami sand/gravel layers have been deposited during the last 3000 years. The latest was deposited by the 1741 Oshima-Oshima landslide tsunami and the second by the 12th century tsunami. The later tsunami was probably generated by a large earthquake because submarine seismo-turbidites with similar age exist in the region and a large inland landslide had occurred in Okushiri Island in approximately the 12th century. The ages of paleo-tsunami events prior to the 12th century are 1.5-1.6, 2.4-2.6, 2.8-3.1 ka. In this study, a fault model of the 12th century earthquake was estimated by comparing tsunami deposit distributions and calculated tsunami inundation areas at five sites in Okushiri Island and Hiyama region. Fault model F17, a submarine active fault in the Japan Sea near Oshima-Oshima, is a probable source for this tsunami. Numerical simulation of the tsunami was performed based on fault model F17; we modified the fault parameters (length and slip amount) from the original model to explain tsunami deposit distributions. A shorter length of 104 km and a larger slip amount of 18 m were appropriate for the fault model on the basis of parametric studies. The seismic moment of the earthquake was calculated to be 9.95 × 10 20 Nm (M w 7.9) assuming a rigidity of 3.43 × 10 10 N/m 2. The estimated fault model is located between the focal regions of the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-oki earthquake and the 1983 Japan Sea earthquake.

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Stratigraphic records of tsunamis along the Japan Sea, southwest Hokkaido, northern Japan

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Numerical Simulation of the Landslide and Tsunami Due to the 1741 Oshima‐Oshima Eruption in Hokkaido, Japan

Numerical Simulation of the Landslide and Tsunami Due to the 1741 Oshima‐Oshima Eruption in Hokkaido, Japan

A numerical study on nearshore behavior of Japan Sea tsunamis using Green’s functions for Gaussian sources based on linear Boussinesq theory

Fault model of the 12th century southwestern Hokkaido earthquake estimated from tsunami deposit distributions

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