Stratified-charge combustion: modeling and imaging of a spray-guided direct-injection spark-ignition engine

Evaluation of the flame propagation within an SI engine using flame imaging and LES

“…In this regard many of the studies arose from the Sandia Diesel engine [13,14], the GM R&D test-rig [3,15,16], the TCC-III engine in Michigan [17,18], the SGEmac (IFP) engine [19], and the Darmstadt test-rig [20][21][22]. The corresponding databases have provided a stronghold for engine simulations with regards to model validation and development.…”

“…The corresponding databases have provided a stronghold for engine simulations with regards to model validation and development. Together, experimental and (RANS-) modeling studies have jointly addressed studies of flow cycle-to-cycle variations (ccv) [14,23], sprays [15], ignition [24][25][26], and combustion [27]. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) studies have primarily been concentrated with the SGEmac, Darmstadt, and TCC-III engine databases.…”

Numerical study of the effect of piston top contour on GDI engine performance under catalyst heating mode

“…Reliable ignition requires optimum ignition timing for rich equivalence ratios (0.9-1.6) at the spark gap (center of the anode and cathode) [1], and the equivalence ratio of mixture ranged between 1 and 1.25 is fitter for stable ignition [33]. Different top contours of pistons result in the variance of in-cylinder airflow, which influences the variation in the equivalence ratio at the spark gap (Fig.…”

“…Spark-ignited direct-injection (SIDI) gasoline engines, which are widely available in Japan and Europe, provide significant advantages in terms of fuel economy compared with conventional port-fuel-injection (PFI) engines [1]. The key feature of SIDI technology is the formation of reliable combustible mixture around plug at time of ignition, which requires optimal spray momentum, in-cylinder air motion, and piston top contour, particularly for stratified combustion.…”

Modeling ignition phenomena in spray-guided spark-ignited engines

“…The closeness of the fuel spray and spark electrodes can cause unfavorable conditions for ignition, including steep gradients in local velocities and equivalence ratios with substantial cyclic variability [4]. The narrow, high-velocity spray plumes from multihole fuel injectors exacerbate the situation.…”