Strategy, Hegemony and Ideology: The Role of Intellectuals

Lawrence, Philip K.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.1996.tb00756.x

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The Collective Intellectual: Being Relevant More clearly than many other fields of study in international relations, security studies has always been tied to security policymaking. At the end of World War II, for example, security analysts helped to construct a language by which the new nuclear reality could be grasped (Lawrence, 1996). More recent examples, such as the discourse on human security, show how knowledge about security can emerge as a co-production between theorists, analysts and policymakers.…”

Section: Revisiting the European Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto

Collective¹

2006

Security Dialogue

281

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In the last decade, critical approaches have substantially reshaped the theoretical landscape of security studies in Europe. Yet, despite an impressive body of literature, there remains a fundamental disagreement as to what counts as critical in this context. Scholars are still arguing in terms of "schools" while there has been an increasing and sustained crossfertilization among critical approaches. Finally, the boundaries between critical and traditional approaches to security remain blurred. The aim of this paper is therefore to assess the evolution of critical views of approaches to security studies in Europe, discuss their theoretical premises, investigate their intellectual ramifications and examine how they coalesce around different issues (such as state of exception). The paper then assesses the political implications of critical approaches. This is done mainly by analysing processes by which critical approaches to security percolate through a growing number of subjects (such as development, peace research, risk/crisis management). Finally, ethical and research implications are explored. IntroductionHIS MANIFESTO IS THE RESULT of collective work. The author of this article is a network of both junior and senior researchers referred to as c.a.s.e. collective who share an interest in critically examining contemporary practices of security. The aim of this paper is to collectively assess the evolution of critical views of security studies in Europe, discuss their theoretical premises, examine how they coalesce around different issues, and investigate their present -and possibly future -intellectual ramifications. The specificity of this text thus lies in the very way it has been thought and written through a networked collective. The article is driven by two broad motivations. First, the authors share the view that, over the past two decades, important innovations in the study of 'security' have emerged among European scholars in particular (Waever 2004a). Although the genesis of these innovations involves scholars on both sides of the Atlantic, these approaches have arguably gained momentum and density in Europe, leading to the emergence of distinctive European research agenda(s) in the traditionally US-dominated field of 'security studies'. Conequently, it was hence felt that time had come to evaluate these 'European' approaches both in order to increase their exposure and to push them further in specific directions. Second, the aim of working and writing as a collective, a network of scholars who do not agree on everything yet do share a common perspective, is based on the desire to break with the competitive dynamic of individualist research agendas and to establish a network which not only facilitates dialogue but is also able to speak with a collective voice. In this sense, the article can be read as a 'manifesto'. 2 In order to understand the composition of the text, we believe it is important to briefly explain its genesis. After the COST Paris Training School, paper givers and additional PhD candid...

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Section: Revisiting the European Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the end of the Second World War, for example security analysts helped to construct a language by which the new nuclear reality could be grasped (Lawrence, 1996). .…”

Section: The Collective Intellectual : Being Relevantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto

Collective¹

2006

Security Dialogue

281

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“…Costigliola reveals how body and gender operate when he contends: "US officials used language that depicted difficult allies as beings that were in some way diminished from the norm of a healthy heterosexual male: sick patients, hysterical women, naive children, emasculated men. Such images of the needy activated altruistic language and so helped transform American control into American caring" (Costigliola 1997: 165;Hook 1984;Gyi 1984;Cohn 1987a;Lawrence 1996). Naturalization accounts for the way words connected to nuclear weapons acquire the meanings which ultimately render nuclear weapons normal and familiar devices -which credits it with the nuclear order, as well.…”

Section: Naturalizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Unnatural acts: Nuclear language, proliferation and order

Woods¹

2007

Journal of Language and Politics

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International relations theory overdetermines proliferation but few states possess nuclear arms. This article maintains the linguistic construction of 'proliferation' accounts for the international nonnuclear order. Following an overview of its approach, the article begins with a review of earlier works and notes the inability of 'nuclear language studies' to account for the order of rejection rather than acquisition of nuclear arms. The article traces that limitation to a practical assumption about the world that animates scholars to attend to how words distort rather than create reality. The article then introduces a version of constructivism that claims speech acts produce constitutive rules that create what 'is' and oblige order (as 'same use') to suggest how language accounts for the order that turns on rejection of nuclear weapons. Finally, the article illustrates how states, following this constructivist process, often used discursive practices that emphasized the 'unnatural' to create 'proliferation' between 1958 and 1968.

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“…Since the start of the Cold War security analysts have greatly contributed to political vocabulary as well as to justification and validation of security policy practices. 22 If we stick to this division, then the first camp mostly deals with the already established issues of security, follows objectivist and rationalist approach to security, sees most political practices as something to be taken for granted and more or less maintains status quo of the system.…”

Section: Critical Approaches To Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Security Studies in the 21st Century: Any Directions for Lithuanian Security Studies?

Jakniūnaitė¹

2014

Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review

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This article focuses on recent developments and discussions in the field of security studies and aims to suggest new guidelines for the research of Lithuanian security policy. First it covers the main subjects of contemporary security discourse; next it provides evaluation and review of the critical tradition in security studies that frames presuppositions and is the means for analyzing specific security issues as well as that which fosters reflexive thinking about security. The third part deals with three topics of security research (analysis of security through the concepts of risk, exceptionality and media) which have become talking-points in recent years and which have provided innovative insights in security studies.

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Strategy, Hegemony and Ideology: The Role of Intellectuals

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto

Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto

Unnatural acts: Nuclear language, proliferation and order

Critical Security Studies in the 21st Century: Any Directions for Lithuanian Security Studies?

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