Strategy Guideline: Proper Water Heater Selection

Hoeschele, M.; Springer, David; German, Alea; Staller, J.; Zhang, Y.

doi:10.2172/1051923

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…El agua caliente sale del tanque y es mezclada con agua más fresca antes de llegar a la instalación final. Existen pérdidas térmicas significativas y bien documentadas asociadas con los calentadores de agua de depósito, debidas principalmente al tiempo de almacenamiento del agua en los tanques de escaso aislamiento y, en el caso de los sistemas de combustión de gas, por la flama del piloto que está encendida constantemente 65,66 . Más aún, hay investigaciones que demuestran que ciertas configuraciones de tanques y tecnologías de ventilación pueden tener eficiencias sumamente diferentes [64][65][66] .…”

Section: 1 Alm Ac E N Am I E N T O D E L O S C Al E N T Ad O R E S D ...unclassified

“…Existen pérdidas térmicas significativas y bien documentadas asociadas con los calentadores de agua de depósito, debidas principalmente al tiempo de almacenamiento del agua en los tanques de escaso aislamiento y, en el caso de los sistemas de combustión de gas, por la flama del piloto que está encendida constantemente 65,66 . Más aún, hay investigaciones que demuestran que ciertas configuraciones de tanques y tecnologías de ventilación pueden tener eficiencias sumamente diferentes [64][65][66] . De manera interesante, no se ha encontrado que los tanques más grandes o más pequeños tengan diferentes eficiencias demostradas, excepto cuando se usa energía eléctrica para los sistemas basados en tanques grandes 45,[62][63][64][65]67 .…”

Section: 1 Alm Ac E N Am I E N T O D E L O S C Al E N T Ad O R E S D ...unclassified

“…Datos publicados sobre este tipo de CDA indican que el encendido con piloto afecta entre 10%-20% del total de la eficiencia del sistema. Sin embargo, investigaciones en campo sobre el uso de dichos CDA han demostrado que el consumo de energía del piloto puede representar hasta más de 40% del uso total de energía 65,66 . Es por esta razón que muchos residentes de viviendas en México con CDA de encendido con piloto mantienen apagada la flama mientras no necesitan agua caliente.…”

Section: 4 En C E N D I D Ounclassified

“…M adera (por kg) 15.5 desperdicio del combustible por el piloto encendido; 5) envejecimiento del sistema; 6) calidad y dureza del agua; 7) características de comportamiento de los usuarios finales; y 8) otros factores externos a la operación en laboratorio 53,61,66,67,78,79 . Como resultado, las instituciones alrededor del mundo usan a menudo un segundo índice de eficiencia para evaluar estas heterogeneidades; permitiendo distinguir a los reguladores y los consumidores entre las eficiencias reales de varios productos.…”

Section: Combustible Mj/ Medidaunclassified

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Índices GEI para el uso del agua en la vivienda en México

2014

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Este reporte apoya la iniciativa del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) para reducir las emisiones de gas de efecto invernadero de la vivienda en México. Recientemente el BID también ha implementado el programa Ecocasa que suplementa las iniciativas del INFONAVIT para la vivienda en el país. Estos programas ofrecerán hipotecas verdes y competitivas en el mercado para fomentar el uso de ecotecnologías y cambios infraestructurales para reducir las GEI en la vivienda.

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Section: 1 Alm Ac E N Am I E N T O D E L O S C Al E N T Ad O R E S D ...unclassified

Section: 4 En C E N D I D Ounclassified

Section: Combustible Mj/ Medidaunclassified

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Índices GEI para el uso del agua en la vivienda en México

2014

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Impacts of Water Quality on Residential Water Heating Equipment

Widder¹,

Baechler²

2013

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SummaryWater heating is a ubiquitous energy use in residential housing, accounting for 17.7 percent of residential energy use (EIA 2012). Today, many efficient water heating options are available for every fuel type, from electric and gas to more unconventional fuel types such as propane, solar, and fuel oil. The best water heating option for a given household will depend on a number of factors, including average daily hot water use (total gallons per day), hot water draw patterns (close together or spread out), the hot water distribution system (compact or distributed), installation constraints (such as space, electrical service, or venting accommodations), and fuel-type availability and cost.While in general more efficient water heaters are more expensive than conventional water heating technologies, the savings in energy use, and thus utility bills, can recoup the additional up-front investment and make an efficient water heater a good investment over time in most situations, although the specific payback period for a given operating water heater will vary widely. However, the expected lifetime of a water heater in a given installation can dramatically influence the cost-effectiveness and savings potential of a water heater and should be considered, along with water use characteristics, fuel availability and cost, and specific home characteristics, when selecting the optimum water heating equipment for a particular installation. Thus, when determining the appropriate selection and application of water heating equipment, especially when determining the cost-effectiveness of more expensive, highefficiency equipment options, the lifetime of equipment is very important.The local water quality is one of the factors that contributes most significantly to the long-term performance and longevity of water heating equipment. Specifically, highly alkaline water will lead to the accumulation of scale, which will impact the efficiency of tankless and gas storage water heaters and can lead to decreased equipment life. Conversely, soft water increases the risk of corrosion, which can decrease equipment life by more than half if not properly mitigated. Increasing the lifetime of water heaters can improve the cost-effectiveness and increase the amount of savings achieved by an efficient water heater investment. Based on the specific water quality characteristics in a given location, different water heater design parameters and maintenance requirements can be applied to mitigate scale accumulation and corrosion in hard and soft waters, respectively. These approaches are summarized in Table S1.Additional investigation is needed regarding the long-term performance of tankless water heaters in soft water conditions and alternative water softening solutions that mitigate highly corrosive water. These results should be shared with homeowners and builders via online web applications and tools to aid in choosing the most appropriate water heating technology for a given situation and recommending preventative maintenance. It is import...

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A New Phase Transition Heat Exchanger for Gas Water Heaters

Tan

Yao

et al. 2018

Inventions

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Gas water heaters take a major part in the Chinese water heater market, while the existing water heater have either low efficiency because of the single utilization of energy or the high failure rate that is caused by low temperature corrosion. A new structure of heat exchanger in the gas water heater is proposed is this article, the heat transfer method of which is not only forced convection, but also phase change heat transfer, which provides a higher heat transfer coefficient in condition of the same heat exchange area, and consequently promote the efficiency of the heat exchanger. An experimental study is carried out to compare the difference between the new water heater and the existing one on efficiency, and result shows that the new water heater is 6% higher in efficiency. Besides, this kind of water heater has a gentle temperature change when a sudden decrease or increase of gas flow rate occurs. An economic analysis is produced in order to predict the economic efficiency of the new heat exchanger. As a result, the new heat exchanger of the water heater can significantly promote the heat transfer efficiency and decrease the failure rate, and it is more economic efficient than the existing one.

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Strategy Guideline: Proper Water Heater Selection

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Índices GEI para el uso del agua en la vivienda en México

Índices GEI para el uso del agua en la vivienda en México

Impacts of Water Quality on Residential Water Heating Equipment

A New Phase Transition Heat Exchanger for Gas Water Heaters

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