Strategy for exploiting exotic germplasm using genetic, morphological, and environmental diversity: the Aegilops tauschii Coss. example

Jones, Huw; Gosman, N.; Horsnell, Richard; Rose, Gemma A.; Everest, L. A.; Bentley, Alison R.; Tha, S.; Uauy, Cristóbal; Kowalski, Ania; Novoselović, Dario; Šimek, Ruđer; Kobiljski, Borislav; Kondić‐Špika, Ankica; Brbaklić, Ljiljana; Митрофанова, О. П.; Chesnokov, Yu. V.; Bonnett, David; Greenland, Andrew J.

doi:10.1007/s00122-013-2093-x

Cited by 58 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This might indicate that the functional genes at these loci, including mapped alleles and those linked with markers, might be responsive to sunlight and temperature during the growing season [58,65]. Recently, Jones et al [66] devised a strategy to exploit Ae. tauschii diversity for wheat improvement in relation to climatic and environmental conditions of a specific geography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association for grain morphology in synthetic hexaploid wheats using digital imaging analysis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundGrain size and shape greatly influence grain weight which ultimately enhances grain yield in wheat. Digital imaging (DI) based phenomic characterization can capture the three dimensional variation in grain size and shape than has hitherto been possible. In this study, we report the results from using digital imaging of grain size and shape to understand the relationship among different components of this trait, their contribution to enhance grain weight, and to identify genomic regions (QTLs) controlling grain morphology using genome wide association mapping with high density diversity array technology (DArT) and allele-specific markers.ResultsSignificant positive correlations were observed between grain weight and grain size measurements such as grain length (r = 0.43), width, thickness (r = 0.64) and factor from density (FFD) (r = 0.69). A total of 231 synthetic hexaploid wheats (SHWs) were grouped into five different sub-clusters by Bayesian structure analysis using unlinked DArT markers. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay was observed among DArT loci > 10 cM distance and approximately 28% marker pairs were in significant LD. In total, 197 loci over 60 chromosomal regions and 79 loci over 31 chromosomal regions were associated with grain morphology by genome wide analysis using general linear model (GLM) and mixed linear model (MLM) approaches, respectively. They were mainly distributed on homoeologous group 2, 3, 6 and 7 chromosomes. Twenty eight marker-trait associations (MTAs) on the D genome chromosomes 2D, 3D and 6D may carry novel alleles with potential to enhance grain weight due to the use of untapped wild accessions of Aegilops tauschii. Statistical simulations showed that favorable alleles for thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain length, width and thickness have additive genetic effects. Allelic variations for known genes controlling grain size and weight, viz. TaCwi-2A, TaSus-2B, TaCKX6-3D and TaGw2-6A, were also associated with TKW, grain width and thickness. In silico functional analysis predicted a range of biological functions for 32 DArT loci and receptor like kinase, known to affect plant development, appeared to be common protein family encoded by several loci responsible for grain size and shape.ConclusionConclusively, we demonstrated the application and integration of multiple approaches including high throughput phenotyping using DI, genome wide association studies (GWAS) and in silico functional analysis of candidate loci to analyze target traits, and identify candidate genomic regions underlying these traits. These approaches provided great opportunity to understand the breeding value of SHWs for improving grain weight and enhanced our deep understanding on molecular genetics of grain weight in wheat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association for grain morphology in synthetic hexaploid wheats using digital imaging analysis

et al. 2014

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“…The evolutionary process generating common wheat can be artificially reproduced, and a number of synthetic hexaploid wheat plants have been produced from ABD hybrids of tetraploid wheat and Ae . tauschii [10–12]. On the other hand, triploid hybrids with tetraploid wheat sometimes show abnormal growth phenotypes such as germination failure, hybrid necrosis and hybrid sterility [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global gene expression profiling related to temperature-sensitive growth abnormalities in interspecific crosses between tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii

et al. 2017

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Triploid wheat hybrids between tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii sometimes show abnormal growth phenotypes, and the growth abnormalities inhibit generation of wheat synthetic hexaploids. In type II necrosis, one of the growth abnormalities, necrotic cell death accompanied by marked growth repression occurs only under low temperature conditions. At normal temperature, the type II necrosis lines show grass-clump dwarfism with no necrotic symptoms, excess tillers, severe dwarfism and delayed flowering. Here, we report comparative expression analyses to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the temperature-dependent phenotypic plasticity in the triploid wheat hybrids. We compared gene and small RNA expression profiles in crown tissues to characterize the temperature-dependent phenotypic plasticity. No up-regulation of defense-related genes was observed under the normal temperature, and down-regulation of wheat APETALA1-like MADS-box genes, considered to act as flowering promoters, was found in the grass-clump dwarf lines. Some microRNAs, including miR156, were up-regulated, whereas the levels of transcripts of the miR156 target genes SPLs, known to inhibit tiller and branch number, were reduced in crown tissues of the grass-clump dwarf lines at the normal temperature. Unusual expression of the miR156/SPLs module could explain the grass-clump dwarf phenotype. Dramatic alteration of gene expression profiles, including miRNA levels, in crown tissues is associated with the temperature-dependent phenotypic plasticity in type II necrosis/grass-clump dwarf wheat hybrids.

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“…Example of such a wild relative in wheat is Aegilops tauschii, which is homologous to the D-genome of bread wheat. This species carries novel genetic diversity not only for biotic (MujeebKazi et al, 2007) but also for abiotic stress tolerance that has tremendous potential for wheat improvement (Jones et al, 2013). In fact of the three genomes of wheat i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of D-genome Based Genetic Diversity in Drought Tolerant Wheat Germplasm

Faheem¹,

Mahmood²,

Shabbir³

et al. 2015

IJAB

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The complex nature of drought stress is one of the key bottlenecks in wheat improvement. Besides conventional breeding approaches for wheat improvement under water deficit conditions use of wild relatives like Aegilops tauschii (DD), as a source of rich genetic variation has significantly triggered the process. In this study, we have assessed the D-genome based genetic diversity in drought tolerant germplasm by using SSR markers. A total number of 178 alleles were detected on 49 loci with an average of 3.49 alleles per locus with the highest number being of 10 alleles for marker gwm515-2D. Genetic diversity explained by these SSR makers ranged from 4 to 67% with an average of 56.2% per marker. There were 23 SSR markers, which revealed PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) values of more than 50% while overall the PIC values for all markers ranged from 8 to 63.2% with an average of 48.1%. Clustering of genotypes D41, D43, D44, D50 and D51 within two well-known drought tolerant cultivars viz. Dharwar Dry and Sitta showed the suitability of these genotypes for water deficit areas. In conclusion, the genetic diversity present in the studied germplasm may be used in wheat breeding programs targeted for the drought tolerance especially in arid/semi-arid (rain-fed) environments.

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Strategy for exploiting exotic germplasm using genetic, morphological, and environmental diversity: the Aegilops tauschii Coss. example

Cited by 58 publications

References 39 publications

Genome-wide association for grain morphology in synthetic hexaploid wheats using digital imaging analysis

Genome-wide association for grain morphology in synthetic hexaploid wheats using digital imaging analysis

Global gene expression profiling related to temperature-sensitive growth abnormalities in interspecific crosses between tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii

Assessment of D-genome Based Genetic Diversity in Drought Tolerant Wheat Germplasm

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