Strategy for calibrating the non-linear gain of the DSSC detector for the European XFEL

Weidenspointner, G.; Andritschke, Robert; Fischer, P.; Granato, Stefanie; Hansen, Karsten; Lechner, P.; Lütz, G.; Moch, D.; Porro, M.; Sandow, C.; Sant, Tushar; Strüder, L.

doi:10.1109/nssmic.2011.6153648

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A programmable time delay on the ramp signal allows to individually adjust the ADC offset with a granularity equal to 1/10 of the bin size. This pixel by pixel adjustment capability is essential for the calibration of the system [21]. When operating at a speed MHz, a 9th bit can be obtained by toggling a flip-flop internally.…”

Section: Readout Asicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the DEPFET Sensor With Signal Compression: A Large Format X-Ray Imager With Mega-Frame Readout Capability for the European XFEL

Porro

Andricek

Aschauer

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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We present the development of the DSSC instrument: an ultra-high speed detector system for the new European XFEL in Hamburg. The DSSC will be able to record X-ray images with a maximum frame rate of 4.5 MHz. The system is based on a silicon pixel sensor with a DEPFET as a central amplifier structure and has detection efficiency close to 100% for X-rays from 0.5 keV up to 10 keV. The sensor will have a size of approximately 210 210 mm composed of 1024 1024 pixels with hexagonal shape. Two hundred fifty six mixed signal readout ASICs are bump-bonded to the detector. They are designed in 130 nm CMOS technology and provide full parallel readout. The signals coming from the sensor are processed by an analog filter, immediately digitized by 8-bit ADCs and locally stored in an SRAM, which is able to record at least 640 frames. In order to fit the dynamic range of about photons of 1 keV per pixel into a reasonable output signal range, achieving at the same time single 1 keV photon resolution, a non-linear characteristic is required. The proposed DEPFET provides the needed dynamic range compression at the sensor level. The most exciting and challenging property is that the single 1 keV photon resolution and the high dynamic range are accomplished within the 220 ns frame rate of the system. The key properties and the main design concepts of the different building blocks of the system are discussed. Measurements with the analog front-end of the readout ASIC and a standard DEPFET have already shown a very low noise which makes it possible to achieve the targeted single photon resolution for 1 keV photons at 4.5 MHz and also for 0.5 keV photons at half of the speed. In the paper the new experimental results obtained coupling a single pixel to an 8 8 ASIC prototype are shown. This 8 8 ASIC comprises the complete readout chain from the analog front-end to the ADC and the memory. The characterization of a newly fabricated non-linear DEPFET is presented for the first time.Index Terms-DEPFET, DSSC, silicon radiation detectors, X-ray detectors, X-ray free electron lasers.

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Section: Readout Asicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the DEPFET Sensor With Signal Compression: A Large Format X-Ray Imager With Mega-Frame Readout Capability for the European XFEL

Porro

Andricek

Aschauer

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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“…Our basic strategy for calibrating the NLSR has been described in [12], together with a demonstration of its feasibil ity using simulated data I. Before presenting an experimental calibration of the NLSR of a pixel of a DSSC prototype set-up, we provide here a synopsis of our approach.…”

Section: St Rategy For Non-linear System Response Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…digital output in case of no incident photons, must lie at the center of an ADC bin. And second, the DEPFET output signal due to a single incident lIn [12], the non-linear system respose was referred to as non-linear system gam. photon, after analog processing and before digitization, is equal to the size of an ADC bin.…”

Section: St Rategy For Non-linear System Response Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of the non-linear relation between the input signal charge generated by incident photons and the digital DSSC output 978-1-4673-2030-6/12/$3l.00 ©20 12 IEEE signal, over the full dynamic range of the detector. A detailed description of our basic strategy for calibrating the NLSR in the laboratory, and a demonstration of its feasibility using simulated data, can be found in [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calibration of the non-linear system response of a prototype set-up of the DSSC detector for the European XFEL

Weidenspointner¹,

Andritschke²,

Erdinger

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC)

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The DSSC (DEPFET Sensor with Signal Compres sion) is a new instrument with non-linear compression of the input signal in the sensor and with parallel signal processing (filtering, linear amplification, and digitization) for all pixels. The DSSC will serve as 2d imaging detector at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL.EU) currently under construction in Hamburg, Germany. The DSSC design goal is to achieve at the same time single photon detection and high dynamic range of about 10 4 photons, both for photon energies down to 0.5 keY and read-out speeds up to 4.5 MHz. Realization of this goal requires an accurate calibration of the non-linear system response (NLSR) over the full dynamic range of the detector. We present our strategy for calibrating the NLSR, for each of the 1024 x 1024 DSSC pixels, in the laboratory. The feasibility of our calibration strategy is demonstrated experimentally by calibrating the NLSR of a DSSC prototype set-up consisting of a prototype DEPFET sensor with non-linear signal compression connected to a prototype read-out ASIC.

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“…These models allow follow-up in-house performance estimates in addition to the simulation results provided by the detector consortia [7]- [11]. The models can be integrated with the Xray source simulation and optionally include the influence of the diverse environmental conditions of the instrument stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation tools for detector performance and calibration at European XFEL

Joy

Bohlen

Heisen

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC)

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Abstract-The detectors to be used at the European XFEL have to deal with the unique time structure of the machine, delivering up to 2700 pulses, with a repetition rate of 4.5 MHz, ten times per second, the very high photon flux of up to 10 12 photons/pulse and the need to combine single-photon sensitivity and a large dynamic range. These machine properties present a challenge for the large-area 2D imaging detectors to be used at European XFEL. In order to thoroughly characterize the detectors, optimize their performance and the required calibration concepts, as well as give estimates of the expected scientific performance in a wide range of experimental scenarios, we are currently pursuing different simulation projects.

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Strategy for calibrating the non-linear gain of the DSSC detector for the European XFEL

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Development of the DEPFET Sensor With Signal Compression: A Large Format X-Ray Imager With Mega-Frame Readout Capability for the European XFEL

Development of the DEPFET Sensor With Signal Compression: A Large Format X-Ray Imager With Mega-Frame Readout Capability for the European XFEL

Calibration of the non-linear system response of a prototype set-up of the DSSC detector for the European XFEL

Simulation tools for detector performance and calibration at European XFEL

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