Strategies to improve the stress resistance of Escherichia coli in industrial biotechnology

Abstract

The use of industrial Escherichia coli strains for the production of bio‐based chemicals offers a promising and sustainable solution to a growing scarcity of non‐renewable resources and contributes to the protection of the environment. However, many limitations, such as inhibition from toxic substrates, hyperosmosis, toxic by‐products, and other adverse fermentation conditions, prevent strains from attaining a stable cell growth rate, efficient metabolic flux, and satisfactory productivity. There has thus been much effort to obtain E. coli strains that exhibit robust growth and productivity with enhanced tolerance of extreme operating conditions. In this review, we gained insights into recent studies in improving tolerance of E. coli and summarized four kinds of engineering methods: modifying regulation factors, regulating membrane structure, optimizing biosynthetic pathways, and applying adaptive evolution. The combination of different engineering strategies therefore provided a broader platform for robustness of industrial E. coli, making further steps to achieving more advantageous biosynthesis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Synergistic application of atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis and adaptive laboratory evolution improves the tolerance of Escherichia coli to L‐cysteine

“…Developing microbial strains with advantageous traits holds paramount significance for the green production of high-value products. [30,31] E. coli, is a widely applied microorganism for various chemical products. [32] Numerous evolution strategies were employed in E. coli to improve strain performance and production characteristics.…”

Techno‐economic analysis of biochemical conversion of biomass to biofuels and platform chemicals

“…These are: (1) Fixed dome plants, (2) floating drum plants, (3) low-cost polyethylene tube digesters, (4) balloon plants, (5) horizontal plants, (6) earth pit plants. (7) ferrocement plants. Descriptions of each kind of plant can be found elsewhere.…”

“…Notwithstanding, there has been consistent improvement in biochemical conversion techniques to co-produce valuable fuels and chemicals using engineered microbial agents, toxicity resilient and robust microorganisms, as well as aided bioconversion processes. [7][8][9] For instance, the anaerobic digestion (AD) of difficult organic substrates such as chicken manure, algal biomass, food wastes, and sewage sludge can be aided by the addition of biochar to mitigate ammonia inhibition, neutralize toxic components release, regulate pH, as well as provide extra nutrient and shelter for the microorganism. 10,11 Similarly, integrating thermal/chemical hydrolysis to AD and fermentation can reduce biodegradation recalcitrance of biomass organics, thereby improving conversion kinetics and product yield.…”

Transcriptional Biomarker Discovery Towards Building A Load Stress Reporting System for EngineeredEscherichia coliStrains

“…The resulted load stress reporting systems in these studies may therefore fail to recognise the cellular states induced by various unseen foreign protein expression. Meanwhile, these prior research have been also limited on transcriptional changes to load stress, missing comparison between load stress and other stress states (e.g., heat, acid, nutrients scarcity) in the host cells which are also common in industrial production [22, 23]. The biomarker genes identified in these cases are thus not unique to load stress and can mistakenly detect other stress responses that cause similar expression shifts in these load stress reporting genes.…”