Strategies of urban trees for mitigating salt stress: a case study of eight plant species

Dmuchowski, Wojciech; Brągoszewska, Paulina; Gozdowski, Dariusz; Baczewska-Dąbrowska, Aneta H.; Chojnacki, Tadeusz; Jóźwiak, Adam; Świeżewska, Ewa; Suwara, I.; Gworek, Barbara

doi:10.1007/s00468-020-02044-0

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The publications describing T. × euchlora as sensitive were found (Roloff et al 2009;Dmuchowski et al 2020). In Warsaw, in 1973, T. × euchlora constituted 38% of street plantings in the city center; by 2007, 62% had died and had been removed (Dmuchowski et al 2011b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of prenol lipids in mitigating salt stress in the leaves of Tilia × euchlora trees

Baczewska-Dąbrowska

Dmuchowski

Gozdowski

et al. 2021

Trees

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Key message Plants use multiple mechanisms to deal with salt stress. Salt stress increases the content of polyprenols inTilia’s leaves, which may mitigate stress. Abstract De-icing salt has been used on streets and pavements in most northern countries since the 1960s. Salt stress limits all vital functions of trees. Tilia × euchlora is planted in many cities given its unique decorative qualities. The aim of this study was to determine the tree strategy to mitigate salt stress due to the synthesis of polyprenols in leaves. Many years of observations have demonstrated that trees of the same species growing in the same street conditions may have extremely different health statuses. The study consisted of two experiments: a field experiment with urban street trees growing in saline soils and a controlled pot experiment with young trees exposed to increasing doses of salt. The differences between the young trees from the pot experiment and older trees from the field experiment were expressed in their ability to synthesize polyprenols. In urban conditions, the tree leaves with less damage contained significantly more polyprenols than did those with more damage. The salt stress mitigation strategy may be related to the ability to synthesize polyprenols. This ability can be acquired through adaptation by older trees. The mechanism involves limiting the transport of Cl− and Na+ to leaves. In the pot experiment, the young trees did not exhibit this ability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of prenol lipids in mitigating salt stress in the leaves of Tilia × euchlora trees

Baczewska-Dąbrowska

Dmuchowski

Gozdowski

et al. 2021

Trees

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“…Tree species planted in urban areas vary widely in their tolerance to elevated soil salinity and airborne salt spray accumulation (Appleton et al, 2009;Dmuchowski et al, 2020). Consequently, species selection must be an essential factor in reducing tree mortality in salt-affected areas.…”

Section: The Impact Of De-icing Salts On Streetside Soil and Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Planting streetside tree species that show evidence of salt tolerance is an essential step toward enabling successful urban greening (Dirr, 1976;Muerdter et al, 2018;Dmuchowski et al, 2020). However, when adopted in isolation, this strategy may limit urban forest biodiversity in favor of a homogenized ecosystem that performs well when exposed to de-icing salt but lacks resilience in the face of other climate-induced environmental changes such as drought or exposure to disease and insect pests (Groffman et al, 2014).…”

Section: A Toolbox To Support the Co-management Of Winter De-icing Op...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter Climate Variability, De-Icing Salt and Streetside Tree Vitality

et al. 2022

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De-icing salts are applied to roads and walking surfaces to mitigate winter hazards resulting from ice, snow and freezing rain. The vitality of streetside trees, especially those growing in densely built urban areas, is compromised by repeated exposure to de-icing salts. Such trees already experience unfavorable establishment and growing conditions resulting from poor soil quality, inadequate moisture, physical abuse and air pollution−exposure to de-icing salt aggravates these challenges and can be an essential catalyst in tree mortality. Climate change is creating less predictable weather and, in some cases amplifying the intensity of winter storms. Cities that undertake snow and ice management may adopt modified approaches, and those less familiar with this practice may require its episodic adoption. We identify three pathways by which future climate warming may, counterintuitively, result in cities increasing their use of de-icing salt: (a) Warming winter temperatures in cities that were historically too cold to make effective use of sodium chloride (NaCl) for de-icing; (b) cities where daily high temperatures in winter may increase the frequency of freeze-thaw cycles; and, (c) cities in North America and Eurasia that may experience more severe winter weather resulting from greater variability in the circumpolar vortex (CPV). To offset potential damage to existing urban streetside trees and to ensure adequate soil and growing conditions for future trees, there is an immediate need for city foresters to collaborate with traffic safety and public works departments. We present a toolbox of approaches that can facilitate synchronized management efforts, including identifying the location of existing vulnerable trees and re-envisioning future infrastructure that would mitigate tree exposure to de-icing salts. At the same time, we call for the prioritization of research that investigates new potential pathways along which climate change may contribute to the novel adoption of de-icing salts.

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“…Urban trees are especially infested by mistletoe, as the conditions of their growth place them in a vulnerable position [ 6 ]. Limited water and nutrients, insufficient space for roots and crown, and air pollution weaken urban trees and make them more susceptible to biotic factors, enhancing the negative consequences of mistletoe infestation [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Antioxidative Compounds and Enzymes in Small-Leaved Linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) in Response to Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) Infestation

Skrypnik

Maslennikov

Feduraev

et al. 2021

Plants

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Mistletoe infestation leads to a decrease in the growth of woody plants, their longevity, and partial or complete drying of the top, as well as premature death. Various environmental stress factors, both abiotic and biotic, stimulate the formation of reactive oxygen species and the development of oxidative stress in plant tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mistletoe (Viscum album L.) infestation on the response of the antioxidative defense system in leaves of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.). Leaves from infested trees were taken from branches (i) without mistletoe, (ii) with 1–2 mistletoe bushes (low degree of infestation), and (iii) with 5–7 mistletoe bushes (high degree of infestation). The relative water content and the chlorophyll a and b contents in leaves from linden branches affected by mistletoe were significantly lower than those in leaves from non-infested trees and from host-tree branches with no mistletoe. At the same time, leaves from branches with low and high degrees of infestation had significantly higher electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content, oxidized forms of ascorbic acid (dehydroascorbic and 2,3-diketogulonic acids), and oxidized glutathione. The results of principal component analysis show that the development of oxidative stress was accompanied by an increase in proline content and in superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activity. Several biochemical parameters (proline, ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and dehydroascorbate reductase) were found to be altered in leaves from host-tree branches with no mistletoe. This result indicates that the mistletoe infestation of trees not only causes local changes in the locations of hemiparasite attachment, but also affects the redox metabolism in leaves from other parts of the infested tree.

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Strategies of urban trees for mitigating salt stress: a case study of eight plant species

Cited by 12 publications

References 108 publications

The importance of prenol lipids in mitigating salt stress in the leaves of Tilia × euchlora trees

The importance of prenol lipids in mitigating salt stress in the leaves of Tilia × euchlora trees

Winter Climate Variability, De-Icing Salt and Streetside Tree Vitality

Changes in Antioxidative Compounds and Enzymes in Small-Leaved Linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) in Response to Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) Infestation

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