Strategies for the treatment of breast cancer: from classical drugs to mathematical models

Abstract

<abstract> <p>Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and generally affects women. It is a heterogeneous disease that presents different entities, different biological characteristics, and differentiated clinical behaviors. With this in mind, this literature review had as its main objective to analyze the path taken from the simple use of classical drugs to the application of mathematical models, which through the many ongoing studies, have been considered as one of the reliable strategies, explaining the reasons why chemotherapy is not always successful. Besides, the most commonly mentioned strategies are immunotherapy, which includes techniques and therapies such as the use of antibodies, cytokines, antitumor vaccines, oncolytic and genomic viruses, among others, and nanoparticles, including metallic, magnetic, polymeric, liposome, dendrimer, micelle, and others, as well as drug reuse, which is a process by which new therapeutic indications are found for existing and approved drugs. The most commonly used pharmacological categories are cardiac, antiparasitic, anthelmintic, antiviral, antibiotic, and others. For the efficient development of reused drugs, there must be a process of exchange of purposes, methods, and information already available, and for their better understanding, computational mathematical models are then used, of which the methods of blind search or screening, based on the target, knowledge, signature, pathway or network and the mechanism to which it is directed, stand out. To conclude it should be noted that these different strategies can be applied alone or in combination with each other always to improve breast cancer treatment.</p> </abstract>

Apoptosis Induction by New Coumarin Derivatives in a Mice Model of Breast Cancer

“…Breast cancer (BC) remains the most common malignancy diagnosed in females and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide (1). Breast cancer is a complex disease that may involve numerous signaling pathways and molecules, leading to different treatment options depending on tumor type and molecular profile (2,3). Currently, classical BC treatment strategies, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, are invasive, expensive, and ineffective.…”

“…Currently, classical BC treatment strategies, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, are invasive, expensive, and ineffective. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic approaches applied alone or in combination with other methods would be of great benefit in improving the clinical care of BC patients (2). Natural products, such as phytoconstituents or their relative structures, still account for 50% of drugs prescribed for cancer chemotherapy.…”