Strategies for synthesizing human milk lacto-N-fucopentaoses oligosaccharides

Zhang, Minjiao; Lu, Suyue; Chen, Yihan; Wu, Xueping; Zhao, Zhong; Zhao, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100724

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…Lactose (Galβ1−4Glc) is the reducing-end template for all HMOs, and it is elongated through the addition of Fuc (α-1,2, α-1,3, or α-1,4 linkage), Neu5Ac (α-2,3 or α-2,6 linkage), and GlcNAc (β-1,3, β-1,4, or β-1,6 linkage). 19 Multiple potential configurations broaden the structural diversity and functionality of the HMOs. Actually, HMOs can be roughly divided into lactose-, neutral-core-, and sialylated structures according to their modificatory units.…”

Section: Structural Categories and Synthesis Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Lacto-N-triose II (LNTri II, GlcNAcβ1−3Galβ1−4Glc) is the core of more complex HMO derivatives and the direct precursors of lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), and LNT (Galβ1−3GlcNAcβ1−3Galβ1−4Glc) and LNnT (Galβ1−4GlcNAcβ1−3Galβ1−4Glc) can be synthesized by overexpressing β1,3/4-galactosyltransferase genes in engineered bacteria. 19 Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I) and lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFP III) are formed from the skeletons of LNT and LNnT, respectively, and the donor GDP-fucose. LNT is sialylated by introducing α2−3/6 sialyltransferases and producing sialyllacto-N-tetraose a (LST a) and sialyllacto-N-tetraose b (LST b) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Structural Categories and Synthesis Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Though the VP8* subunits are similar in structure, their interactions with various genotypes differ widely differ. For instance, the VP8* domain in P [19] (but not in P [4] or P [8]) recognizes LNT and LNFP I rather than lacto-Ndifucohexaose I (LNDFH I). 31 A glycan microarray survey showed that the VP8* domain in P [6] prefers the Gal-β1,3-GlcNAc-β1,3-Gal-β1,4-(Fuc-α1,3)-GlcNAc-based structure.…”

Section: Antiviral Effects Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although HMOs widely vary in size and structure, all comprise l -fucose (Fuc), N -acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), d -glucose (Glu), d -galactose (Gal), and N -acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Lactose (Galβ1–4Glc) is the reducing-end template for all HMOs, and it is elongated through the addition of Fuc (α-1,2, α-1,3, or α-1,4 linkage), Neu5Ac (α-2,3 or α-2,6 linkage), and GlcNAc (β-1,3, β-1,4, or β-1,6 linkage) . Multiple potential configurations broaden the structural diversity and functionality of the HMOs.…”

Section: Structural Categories and Synthesis Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these lactose-core HMOs can be synthesized in engineered bacteria by introducing glycosyltransferases into GDP-fucose or CMP-Neu5Ac pathway . Lacto- N -triose II (LNTri II, GlcNAcβ1–3Galβ1–4Glc) is the core of more complex HMO derivatives and the direct precursors of lacto- N -tetraose (LNT) and lacto- N -neotetraose (LNnT), and LNT (Galβ1–3GlcNAcβ1–3Galβ1–4Glc) and LNnT (Galβ1–4GlcNAcβ1–3Galβ1–4Glc) can be synthesized by overexpressing β1,3/4-galactosyltransferase genes in engineered bacteria . Lacto- N -fucopentaose I (LNFP I) and lacto- N -fucopentaose III (LNFP III) are formed from the skeletons of LNT and LNnT, respectively, and the donor GDP-fucose.…”

Section: Structural Categories and Synthesis Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Its Antiviral Efficacy

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Gastrointestinal (GI)-associated viruses, including rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NV), and enterovirus, usually invade host cells, transmit, and mutate their genetic information, resulting in influenza-like symptoms, acute gastroenteritis, encephalitis, or even death. The unique structures of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) enable them to shape the gut microbial diversity and endogenous immune system of human infants. Growing evidence suggests that HMOs can enhance host resistance to GI-associated viruses but without a systematic summary to review the mechanism. The present review examines the lactose-and neutral-core HMOs and their antiviral effects in the host. The potential negative impacts of enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and other GI viruses on children are extensive and include neurological sequelae, neurodevelopmental retardation, and cognitive decline. However, the differences in the binding affinity of HMOs for GI viruses are vast. Hence, elucidating the mechanisms and positive effects of HMOs against different viruses may facilitate the development of novel HMO derived oligosaccharides.

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Section: Structural Categories and Synthesis Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Categories and Synthesis Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%