Strategies for improving the emission performance of hybrid electric vehicles

Bagheri, Shahrzad Moeiniyan; Huang, Yuhan; Walker, Paul; Zhou, John L.; Surawski, Nicholas C.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144901

Cited by 42 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Vehicle, fuel and upfront cost, infrastructure (charging or refueling stations), fuel taxation, vehicles performance, subsidies from governments to use AFVs, environmental concern, awareness of responsibility for environmental protection, public acceptance for AFVs, knowledge about global air pollution issue and AFVs, type of AFVs, among others (as shown in Figure 4, data is taken from the latest review papers, including Refs. [54,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83]), have a strong relationship with vehicle purchase intention and willingness-to-buy (or willingness-to-pay) by consumers, but the intensity of each parameter varies for people in different countries. In addition, the major current barriers to introduce the AFVs to the market in the form of either purchasing new AFVs or converting gasoline/diesel vehicles to them.…”

Section: Factors Affecting People's Purchase Intention On Afvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is the world not yet ready to use alternative fuel vehicles?

Ghadikolaei

Wong

Cheung

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Latest advantages and drawbacks of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) are presented. AFVs include flexible-fuel, gas, electric, hybrid, and fuel cell electric vehicles. People's knowledge and encouragement on AFVs are important for wider AFVs adoption. Several technical recommendations for increase in AFVs adoption rate are presented. This review is useful for the researchers, governments, and policymakers on AFVs.

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Section: Factors Affecting People's Purchase Intention On Afvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is the world not yet ready to use alternative fuel vehicles?

Ghadikolaei

Wong

Cheung

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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show abstract

“…The use of full electric vehicles avoids carbon emissions as far as driving the vehicle is concerned, although the electricity required to recharge the batteries produces carbon emissions unless it is generated by renewable energy sources. Nevertheless, other electric vehicles such as hybrid and plug-in vehicles cannot be considered emissions free since they combine an electric engine and an ICE one [41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Driving Range in Electric Vehicles: Influence on Fuel Consumption and Carbon Emissions

Armenta-Déu

Cattin

2021

WEVJ

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This paper is focused on the determination of real driving ranges for electric vehicles (EV’s) and how it influences fuel consumption and carbon emissions. A precise method to evaluate the driving range of an EV can establish the correct reduction in GEI amount, mainly CO and CO2, ejected to the environment. The comparison of the daily driving range between an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle and an EV provides a useful tool for determining actual fuel saved during a daily trip and a method to compute carbon emissions saved depending on the type of ICE vehicle. Real driving range has been estimated on the basis of a daily trip consisting of five different segments, acceleration, deceleration, constant speed, ascent and descent, which reproduce the different types of driving. The modelling has been developed for urban routes since they are the most common and the most polluted environment where the use of electric vehicles is applied. The effects of types of driving have been taken into account for the calculation of the driving range by considering three main types of driving: aggressive, normal and moderate. The types of vehicle in terms of shape and size as well as dynamic conditions and the types of roads have also been considered for the determination of the driving range. Specific software has been developed to predict electric vehicle range under real driving conditions as a function of the characteristic parameters of a daily trip.

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“…Although there are differences in the absolute levels between different vehicles, the cold start still remains the main contributor in most cases, and it needs to be controlled better. Thermal management methods, such as those based on burners, reformers, and electrically heated catalysts, might further decrease cold start emissions, and a degree of electrification might be necessary [27,[86][87][88][89]. However, in some cases, urban emissions of hybrid electric vehicles might be higher due to the longer time needed for the catalyst to warm up; thus, further calibration efforts are needed [32,90].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Extreme Temperatures and Driving Conditions on Gaseous Pollutants of a Euro 6d-Temp Gasoline Vehicle

et al. 2021

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Gaseous emissions of modern Euro 6d vehicles, when tested within real driving emissions (RDE) boundaries, are, in most cases, at low levels. There are concerns, though, about their emission performance when tested at or above the boundaries of ambient and driving conditions requirements of RDE regulations. In this study, a Euro 6d-Temp gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicle with three-way catalyst and gasoline particulate filter was tested on the road and in a laboratory at temperatures ranging between −30 °C and 50 °C, with cycles simulating urban congested traffic, uphill driving while towing a trailer at 85% of the vehicle’s maximum payload, and dynamic driving. The vehicle respected the Euro 6 emission limits, even though they were not applicable to the specific cycles, which were outside of the RDE environmental and trip boundary conditions. Most of the emissions were produced during cold starts and at low ambient temperatures. Heavy traffic, dynamic driving, and high payload were found to increase emissions depending on the pollutant. Even though this car was one of the lowest emitting cars found in the literature, the proposed future Euro 7 limits will require a further decrease in cold start emissions in order to ensure low emission levels under most ambient and driving conditions, particularly in urban environments. Nevertheless, motorway emissions will also have to be controlled well.

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Strategies for improving the emission performance of hybrid electric vehicles

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Why is the world not yet ready to use alternative fuel vehicles?

Why is the world not yet ready to use alternative fuel vehicles?

Real Driving Range in Electric Vehicles: Influence on Fuel Consumption and Carbon Emissions

Effect of Extreme Temperatures and Driving Conditions on Gaseous Pollutants of a Euro 6d-Temp Gasoline Vehicle

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