Strategies for engineering water-stress tolerance in plants

Bohnert, Hans J.; Jensen, Richard G.

doi:10.1016/0167-7799(96)80929-2

Cited by 766 publications

(379 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Proline was known to be an osmoregulatory compound involved in maintaining the water balance of the plant exposed to salinity (Okuma et al 2004). It not only acts as cytoplasmic osmolyte facilitating water retention but also as a protector and a stabilizer of macromolecules and cellular structures (Bohnert & Jensen 1996). It has long been suggested that accumulation of proline in plant tissue under salt stress is an adaptative response even though investigators have obtained contrasting results regarding the role of proline in stress tolerance of plants (Ashraf 1994;Rhodes et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide dismutase isozyme activity and antioxidant responses of hydroponically cultured Lepidium sativum L. to NaCl stress

Manaa

Mimouni

Terras

et al. 2013

Journal of Plant Interactions

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The present study was focused to assess the physiological behavior and antioxidant responses of the medicinal plant Lepidium sativum L. (commonly called Garden cress) subjected hydroponically to NaCl stress during its vegetative growth stage. The results showed that the addition of NaCl to growth medium significantly reduced plant growth. The magnitude of the response was also linked to the plant organ considered and NaCl concentration supplemented to the medium. Tissue hydration seemed unaffected by salinity. Reduction in dry weight (DW) production was associated with a high accumulation of Na + and Cl − and a significant reduction of K + content in shoots. The accumulation of osmoregulatory compounds (proline and total sugars) in shoots and roots was greatly increased by NaCl. Activity staining of antioxidants after a native polyacrylamide gel electrophores (PAGE) showed four superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes in the extract of leaf-soluble proteins (one Mn-SOD, two Fe-SODs, and one CuZn-SOD), and three isoforms in roots (Mn-SOD, Fe-SOD, and CuZn-SOD). Four peroxidase (POD) isozymes in the roots and only one isozyme in the leaves were detected. The work demonstrated that activities of antioxidant defense enzymes changed in parallel with the increased salinity. In summary, these findings proved that L. sativum can be classified as a moderately tolerant plant to salinity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide dismutase isozyme activity and antioxidant responses of hydroponically cultured Lepidium sativum L. to NaCl stress

Manaa

Mimouni

Terras

et al. 2013

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…They are highly soluble and non-toxic to cells and comprise of polyhydroxylated sugar alcohols, amino acids and their derivatives, tertiary sulphonium compounds and quaternary ammonium compounds (Bohnert and Jensen, 1996). Extreme desiccation promotes crystallization of proteins and solutes and one way to avoid this is by vitrification (glass formation).…”

Section: Macromolecular Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Khurana

Vishnudasan

Chhibbar

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Water deficit arises as a result of low temperature, salinity and dehydration, thereby affecting plant growth adversely and making it imperative for plants to surmount such situations by acclimatizing/adapting at various levels. Water deficit stress results in significant changes in gene expression, mediated by interconnected signal transduction pathways that may be triggered by calcium, and regulated via ABA dependent and/or independent pathways. Hence, adaptation of plants to such stresses involves maintaining cellular homeostasis, detoxification of harmful elements and also growth alterations. Stress in general cause excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the plants overcome the same by either preventing the accumulation of ROS or by eliminating the ROS formed. Ion homeostasis includes processes such as cellular uptake, sequestration and export in conjunction with long distance transport. Requisite amounts of osmolytes are hence synthesized under stress to maintain turgor along with maintaining the macromolecular structures and also for scavenging ROS. Another noteworthy response is the accumulation of novel proteins, including enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of osmoprotectants, heat-shock proteins (HSPs), late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, antifreeze proteins, chaperones, detoxification enzymes, transcription factors, kinases and phosphatases. The LEAs belong to a redundant protein family and are highly hydrophilic, boiling-soluble, non-globular and therefore have been defined and classified accordingly. The precise function of LEAs is still unknown, but substantial evidence indicates their involvement in dessication tolerance as the expression of LEAs confers increased resistance to stress in heterologous yeast system and also significantly improves water deficit tolerance in transgenic plants. Genetic manipulation of plants towards conferring abiotic stress tolerance is a daunting task, as the abiotic stress tolerance mechanism is highly complex and various strategies have been exploited to address and evaluate the stress tolerance mechanism, and the molecular responses to water deficit via complex signaling networks. Genomic technologies have recently been useful in integrating the multigenicity of the plant stress responses through, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolite profilling and their interactions. This review deals with the recent developments on genetic approaches for water stress tolerance in plants, with special emphasis on LEAs.

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“…Decreased water avaibility has an immediate impact on water status and affects plant growth via detrimental effects on water absorption, photosynthesis and the transport of water and solutes to growing organs like fruit. Plants can respond and adapt to water stress by altering their cellular metabolism and invoking various defence mechanisms (Bohnert and Jensen 1996). Drought leads to oxidative stress in the plant cell due to higher leakage of electrons towards O 2 during photosynthetic and respiratory processes leading to enhancement in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (Asada 1999;Sánchez-Rodríguez et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of water stress on antioxidant systems and oxidative parameters in fruits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L, cv. Micro-tom)

Murshed

Lopez-Lauri²,

Sallanon

2013

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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The effects of different levels of water stress on oxidative parameters (H 2 O 2 and MDA), the total pool sizes of ascorbate, the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the activities and relative transcript levels of the enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR) were studied in the fruit of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom). Plants were subjected to three levels of water stress (S50, S25 and S0) and fruits at different development stages were harvested after 3, 6 and 10 days of stress. Changes in H 2 O 2 and MDA contents indicated that water stress induced oxidative stress in fruits. The concentrations of ascorbate (AsA) and dehydroascorbate (DHA) generally modified with water stress treatments. Moreover, changes in SOD and CAT activities and DHAR, MDHAR, APX and GR activities and relative transcript levels were dependent on the fruit development stage and the intensity and the duration of water stress. These results suggest that the response of antioxidant systems of tomato fruits to oxidative stress induced by water stress treatments was different depending on the fruit development stage.

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Strategies for engineering water-stress tolerance in plants

Cited by 766 publications

References 36 publications

Superoxide dismutase isozyme activity and antioxidant responses of hydroponically cultured Lepidium sativum L. to NaCl stress

Superoxide dismutase isozyme activity and antioxidant responses of hydroponically cultured Lepidium sativum L. to NaCl stress

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Effect of water stress on antioxidant systems and oxidative parameters in fruits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L, cv. Micro-tom)

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