Strategies for diagnosis of HTLV‐I and ‐II

Thorstensson, Rigmor; Albert, Jon; Andersson, Sören

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.2002.00114.x

Cited by 76 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…The sensitivity for diagnosis of HTLV-1 is higher with ELIsA than with WB 10 . some serologic tests yield high rates of false-positive results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…PCR should therefore be considered for selected HTLV-I antibody-negative patients with unexplained spastic myelopathy or T-cell neoplasia 11 . Although a positive ELIsA requires a further confirmation by WB, this test still gives a high percentage of indeterminate results 10 . In the cerebrospinal fluid (CsF) diagnosis can be made either by ELIsA/WB alone or by a combination of PCR in the CsF and the intrathecal synthesis of antibodies to HTLV-1 by the antibody index (AI).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

HTLV-1 and neurological conditions: when to suspect and when to order a diagnostic test for HTLV-1 infection?

Araújo

Leite

Lima

et al. 2009

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-HTLV-1 is a retrovirus associated with a myriad of clinical conditions, especially hematological and neurological ones. Regarding nervous system diseases, it is of utmost importance to select those cases in which HTLV-1 infection could really be associated. This is particularly true for patients from endemic areas and for HIV-infected patients and drug users, since that these groups are at a higher risk for HTLV infection. This caution in selecting neurological patients for HTLV diagnostic tests is justified by the fact that in some circumstances the seropositivity may merely represent an epiphenomenon. In this paper we enroll some neurological conditions that have been associated with HTLV-1/2 infection in the literature and discuss the real need for HTLV-1/2 diagnostic tests in each one. Because HIV/HTLV-co-infected patients seem to be at an increased risk for neurological diseases development, a special consideration about this matter is also made.KEy WORDs: HTLV, myelopathy, myopathy, peripheral neuropathy, HIV.doenças neurológicas e infecção pelo HTLV-1: quando suspeitar e quando solicitar testes diagnósticos para a infecção pelo HTLV-1Resumo -O HTLV-1 é um retrovírus associado tanto a doenças hematológicas quanto a doenças neurológicas. Em relação às doenças neurológicas, é fundamental que selecionemos aquelas em que de fato a infecção pelo HTLV-1 possa ser a causa. Isto é particularmente verdadeiro nos pacientes oriundos de áreas endêmicas e nos pacientes infectados pelo HIV e usuários de drogas, haja vista que estes grupos são de risco para infecção pelo HTLV. Este cuidado ao selecionarmos aquelas condições neurológicas que merecem ser investigadas com sorologia para o HTLV se justifica pelo fato de que nem sempre podemos afastar uma associação fortuita entre a infecção e a referida doença. Neste artigo, comentaremos sobre algumas condições neurológicas que podem estar associadas com a infecção pelo HTLV-1/2, discutindo a real necessidade de solicitar testes para o diagnóstico da infecção pelo HTLV-1/2 frente a elas. Uma breve consideração sobre a co-infecção HIV/ HTLV será feita no final deste artigo tendo em vista que estes pacientes apresentam um risco aumentado para o desenvolvimento de doenças neurológicas.PALAVRAs-CHAVE: HTLV, mielopatia, miopatia, neuropatia periférica, HIV.The human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus and the etiologic agent of both a group of hematological disorders known as Adult T cell leukemia/ lymphoma (ATLL) 1 and a group of neurological conditions known altogether as the HTLV-1 neurological complex 2 , of which the most common is the HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/Tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TsP) 3 . Endemic infection with HTLV-1 is now recognized to be worldwide, and is also common in Brazil 4 . The number of people around the world infected with HTLV-1 is estimated as being between 10 to 20 million. There are areas in Japan, sub-saharan Africa, the Caribbean, and south America where more than 1% of the general population is infected. T...

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“…The sensitivity for diagnosis of HTLV-1 is higher with ELIsA than with WB 10 . some serologic tests yield high rates of false-positive results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-1 and neurological conditions: when to suspect and when to order a diagnostic test for HTLV-1 infection?

Araújo

Leite

Lima

et al. 2009

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…A glicoproteína transmembrana é uma das proteínas mais imunogênicas do HTLV-1 e está presente nos conjuntos diagnósticos para detecção de HTLV-1 no soro 21 . Neste trabalho, o fragmento codificante da gp21 foi clonado num vetor de expressão que permitiu a expressão da proteína recombinante por duas linhagens de E coli: BL21DE3pLysS e RosetaDE3pLysS.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Clonagem e expressão da glicoproteína transmembrana do vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas em sistema procarioto

Russo

Penteado

Medeiros

et al. 2007

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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O HTLV-1 é o vírus causador da leucemia/linfoma de célula T no adulto e de uma desordem neurológica conhecida por mielopatia associada ao HTLV ou paraparesia espástica tropical. Um dos modos de transmissão é pelo sangue contaminado e seus subprodutos e, devido ao risco de infecções associadas ao HTLV sua pesquisa na triagem de doadores de sangue foi introduzida no Brasil a partir de 1993. Os kits diagnósticos utilizados nos bancos de sangue nacionais são na sua maioria comprados de empresas estrangeiras. O Brasil não detém a tecnologia para produção deste material e há a necessidade de produção de sistemas de diagnóstico com tecnologia nacional. Neste trabalho, mostramos a expressão da gp21/HTLV-1 em Escherichia coli e sua reatividade frente a anticorpos monoclonais e de pacientes infectados. Expressar tais proteínas é o primeiro passo para obtenção de conjuntos diagnósticos com tecnologia brasileira.

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“…[36][37][38][39] The confirmatory test used in Study 2 (by Genelabs Diagnostics) was less specific than the other two (specificity of 50% versus > 92%). [40][41][42] All women testing positive for HTLV-1 received counseling regarding potential long-term manifestations of HTLV-1 infection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Epidemiology of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection in Peruvian Female Sex Workers, 1993–2010

Stewart

Heitzinger

Pollett

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus to be reported and is associated with neoplastic, neurological, autoimmune, and infectious complications. HTLV-1 is endemic in Peru, with the highest prevalence reported among commercial sex workers. Seroprevalence data collected from Peruvian female sex workers (FSWs) working in Callao over three study periods between 1993 and 2010 were used to examine the secular trend in HTLV-1 prevalence. Between 1993 and 2010, the prevalence of HTLV-1 decreased significantly from 14.5% to 3.1% (P < 0.01). The prevalence of HTLV-1 seropositivity differed significantly by birth cohort (1922-1959, 1960-1969, 1970-1979, and 1980-1992), and for each of the four birth cohorts, the prevalence did not significantly decrease by screening year (P > 0.07). There were no cases of HTLV-1 detected among FSW born after 1979 (N = 224). Participant characteristics associated with HTLV-1 seropositivity were birth in the Andes Mountains region, age, increased time in sex work, younger age of starting sex work, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity. The secular trend in declining prevalence persisted after adjustment for age, time in sex work, place of birth, and HIV serostatus, with the odds of HTLV-1 infection decreasing approximately 16% per year (adjusted odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.78, 0.90). The increasing use of condoms by later birth cohorts noted in our analysis, as well as the increasing availability of free condoms provided by the Peruvian government-which started in the late 1980s before this study-may have been responsible for declining HTLV seroprevalence.

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Strategies for diagnosis of HTLV‐I and ‐II

Abstract: Based on these findings, a new, more sensitive and specific test strategy for HTLV diagnosis than the current algorithm, which includes WB, is proposed. Thereby, both the direct and indirect costs can be substantially reduced.

Cited by 76 publications

References 43 publications

HTLV-1 and neurological conditions: when to suspect and when to order a diagnostic test for HTLV-1 infection?

HTLV-1 and neurological conditions: when to suspect and when to order a diagnostic test for HTLV-1 infection?

Clonagem e expressão da glicoproteína transmembrana do vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas em sistema procarioto

The Changing Epidemiology of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection in Peruvian Female Sex Workers, 1993–2010

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