Strategies for delivering insecticide-treated nets at scale for malaria control: a systematic review

Willey, Barbara; Paintain, Lucy; Mangham, Lindsay; Car, Josip; Schellenberg, Joanna

doi:10.2471/blt.11.094771

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, these concerns are often voiced in the discussion section of studies, while the main focus of the research is cost effectiveness, feasibility and/or scalability [12, 28–30]. In one study in Ghana, the transportation aspect of the supply chain, specifically, was seen as a contributor to stock-outs and supply shortages, which was not identified as a specific barrier in the four countries included in this study [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational challenges to continuous LLIN distribution: a qualitative rapid assessment in four countries

Theiss-Nyland

Ejersa

Karema

et al. 2016

Malar J

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BackgroundThe World Health Organization recommends that long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) for malaria prevention should be distributed continuously through antenatal care (ANC) and the expanded programme on immunization (EPI) in addition to mass campaigns. Despite these recommendations, the continuous distribution (CD) of LLIN distribution through ANC and EPI is not policy in many countries, and where there is a policy, implementation is incomplete. This study aims to identify the operational strengths and weaknesses of LLINs CD in four country programmes in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsA qualitative rapid assessment process was conducted using semi-structured individual and group interviews at the national, sub-national, and facility level in four countries. Seventy participants were included (23 in Kenya, 13 in Malawi, 18 in Mali and 16 in Rwanda), drawn from malaria programmes, ANC and EPI programmes, government logistics units, and partner organizations. Interviews were structured to identify themes within a health systems approach. Policy and guideline documents and data collection tools were reviewed as a means of triangulation. Data analysis focused on pre-determined and emergent themes.ResultsThe four countries used a wide variety of management systems for the supply of LLINs to routine services. Issues related to quantification, supply logistics and data collection all contributed to stock-outs at facility level. None of the four countries had guidelines for responding to stock-outs or system enabling local staff to request additional supplies of LLINs. In all four countries, data collection of LLIN distribution was incomplete or absent at facility level, and such data were not used for planning. Training of staff at the facility level was implemented less frequently than national and sub-national staff would have preferred. Logistics systems, independent of other commodities, and in-country partner support strengthened the continuous distribution of LLINs.ConclusionsIn these countries, stock-outs were the most important single obstacle to the smooth operations of continuous LLIN distribution. Stock-outs can be avoided if facilities have the capacity to place orders for LLIN resupply as needed. Revised data collection and management systems for LLIN distribution have the potential to increase coverage of the target populations by improving LLIN stock-out response, and strengthening monitoring and evaluation of distribution.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1184-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational challenges to continuous LLIN distribution: a qualitative rapid assessment in four countries

Theiss-Nyland

Ejersa

Karema

et al. 2016

Malar J

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“…Previous systematic reviews by Willey and colleagues reviewed the scale‐up of different malaria prevention strategies, including ITNs, intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy, and artemisinin combination treatment (Willey 2010; Willey 2012). These reviews included both qualitative and quantitative study designs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Increase the Ownership and Use of Insecticide‐Treated Bednets to Prevent Malaria

Polec

Petkovic

Welch

et al. 2015

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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The Campbell Collaboration was founded on the principle that systematic reviews on the effects of interventions will inform and help improve policy and services. Campbell offers editorial and methodological support to review authors throughout the process of producing a systematic review. A number of Campbell's editors, librarians, methodologists and external peer reviewers contribute. Plain language summaryInterventions to reduce homelessness and improve housing stability are effectiveThere are large numbers of homeless people around the world. Interventions to address homelessness seem to be effective, though better quality evidence is required. What is this review about?There are large numbers of homeless people around the world. Recent estimates are over 500,000 people in the USA, 100,000 in Australia and 30,000 in Sweden. Efforts to combat homelessness have been made on national levels as well as at local government levels.This review assesses the effectiveness of interventions combining housing and case management as a means to reduce homelessness and increase residential stability for individuals who are homeless, or at risk of becoming homeless. What is the aim of this review?This Campbell systematic review examines the effectiveness of interventions to reduce homelessness and increase residential stability for individuals who are homeless, or at risk of becoming homeless. Forty-three studies were included in the review, 37 of which are from the USA. What studies are included?Included studies were randomized controlled trials of interventions for individuals who were already, or at-risk of becoming, homeless, and which measured impact on homelessness or housing stability with follow-up of at least one year.A total of 43 studies were included. The majority of the studies (37) were conducted in the United States, with three from the United Kingdom and one each from Australia, Canada, and Denmark. 6The Campbell Collaboration | www.campbellcollaboration.org What are the main findings of this review?Included interventions perform better than the usual services at reducing homelessness or improving housing stability in all comparisons. These interventions are: These interventions seem to have similar beneficial effects, so it is unclear which of these is best with respect to reducing homelessness and increasing housing stability. What do the findings of this review mean?A range of housing programs and case management interventions appear to reduce homelessness and improve housing stability, compared to usual services.However, there is uncertainty in this finding as most the studies have risk of bias due to poor reporting, lack of blinding, or poor randomization or allocation concealment of participants. In addition to the general need for better conducted and reported studies, there are specific gaps in the research with respect to: 1) disadvantaged youth; 2) abstinence-contingent housing with case management or day treatment; 3) non-abstinence contingent housing comparing group vs independent living; 4) Hous...

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“…Lack of resources, inadequate logistics, and the insurgence of insecticide resistance are some of the problems encountered in disease-endemic countries (DECs). More recently in Africa, the widespread use of insecticide-treated bed nets has caused a dramatic reduction in malaria mortality and morbidity 6. Bed nets however are a temporary solution, a testimony of the failure to implement area-wide control measures aimed at eradicating malaria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INFRAVEC: research capacity for the implementation of genetic control of mosquitoes

Crisanti

2013

Pathogens and Global Health

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Strategies for delivering insecticide-treated nets at scale for malaria control: a systematic review

Cited by 48 publications

References 46 publications

Operational challenges to continuous LLIN distribution: a qualitative rapid assessment in four countries

Operational challenges to continuous LLIN distribution: a qualitative rapid assessment in four countries

Strategies to Increase the Ownership and Use of Insecticide‐Treated Bednets to Prevent Malaria

INFRAVEC: research capacity for the implementation of genetic control of mosquitoes

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