Strategies for dealing with future shortages in the nursing workforce: a review

Hussain, Aftab; Rivers, Patrick A.; Glover, Saundra H.; Fottler, Myron D.

doi:10.1258/hsmr.2011.011015

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There was high turnover of patients and less number of nurses available. These findings are similar to those identified by Hussain and Buchan [16,17]. Another contributing factor identified in the current study was the pressure exerted on nurses by influential patients to attend to their needs on priority, which further hindered equitable patient care.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Ethical Issues Faced by Nurses during Nursing Practice in District Layyah, Pakistan

Hamid¹

2016

Divers Equal Health Care

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Health professionals face ethical challenges in their daily practice, especially the nurses, the largest workforce in health. They are required to provide autonomous and collaborative care to individuals of all ages, while adhering to the ethical principles. The situation becomes particularly complex for nurses who work under severe resource constraints. Ethical issues in the nursing practice attract little attention, resulting in the creation of moral distress, poor professional care, unproductivity and conflict.This study has described ethical issues encountered by Pakistani nurses of one district under three themes: compromised professional accountability to patient, uncooperative behaviour of peers and poor image of a nurse in society. Nurses despite being well aware of the ethical codes, were not able to practice it fully because of constraints. The findings showed that nurses were not the decision makers in many situations; they were subordinates in their working environment. The inadequate equipment and instruments, shortage of staff, stereotypes of the nursing profession, poor management and poor support to address the issues resulted in distress, poor professional care, stress, conflict, compromised nursing care and violation of the PNC code. AbstractDifferent Ethical issues encountered in daily nursing practice draw little consideration but can produce a stressful working environment for the nurses. This qualitative study was designed to explore the ethical issues confronted by nurses in their practice and to identify gaps using the Pakistan Nursing Council's (PNC) Ethical code framework. The study was conducted in six government hospitals of district Layyah, Pakistan. In all six focal group discussions (FGDs) with 6-8 participants in each were conducted. Content analysis identified three themes, namely; compromised professional accountability to patient, uncooperative behaviour of peers and poor image of a nurse in society. Nurses reported that they were unable to act on the PNC code fully because of many constraints in clinical practice. The reasons identified by the respondents were conflict in hospital admission procedures of patients, non-availability of medicines, conflict in informed and voluntary consent, false accusations by patients, care imbalance, compromised nursing care, and deficiency in amenities, patient's expectations and cultural barriers. In addition, poor teamwork, inequitable workload, and poor value of nursing profession added to the challenges at the workplace.To our knowledge, this is the first study that has specifically addressed ethical issues in the nursing practice of graduate nurses in District Layyah. Nurses were aware about their ethical ABSTRACTDifferent Ethical issues encountered in daily nursing practice draw little consideration but can produce a stressful working environment for the nurses. This qualitative study was designed to explore the ethical issues confronted by nurses in their practice and to identify gaps using the Pakistan Nursing Council's (PNC) Ethical...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Ethical Issues Faced by Nurses during Nursing Practice in District Layyah, Pakistan

Hamid¹

2016

Divers Equal Health Care

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“…Similarly, Gardner identified job stress as the strongest predictor of retention of new graduate nurses 9. Others have found that occupational stressors, burnout, lack of professional latitude, and role problems predicted nurses’ decisions to quit their jobs 10–13…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Job satisfaction among nurses working in the private and public sectors: a qualitative study in tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan

Hamid¹,

Malik²,

Kamran³

et al. 2014

JMDH

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BackgroundMany low and middle income countries lack the human resources needed to deliver essential health interventions. A health care system with a limited number of nurses cannot function effectively. Although the recommended nurse to doctor ratio is 4:1, the ratio in Pakistan is reversed, with 2.7 doctors to one nurse.MethodsA qualitative study using narrative analysis was undertaken in public and private tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan to examine and compare job satisfaction among nurses and understand the factors affecting their work climate. Interactive interviews were conducted with nurses working with inpatients and outpatients.ResultsAll of the respondents had joined the profession by choice and were supported by their families in their decision to pursue their career, but now indicated that they were dissatisfied with their jobs. Three types of narratives were identified, namely, “Working in the spirit of serving humanity”, “Working against all odds”, and “Working in a functional system and facing pressures of increased accountability”. Nurses working in a public sector hospital are represented in the first two narrative types, whereas the third represents those working in a private sector hospital. The first narrative represents nurses who were new in the profession and despite hard working conditions were performing their duties. The second narrative represents nurses working in the public sector with limited resources, and the third narrative is a representation of nurses who were working hard and stressed out despite a well functioning system.ConclusionThe study shows that the presence of a well trained health workforce is vital, and that certain aspects of its organization are key, including numbers (available quantity), skill mix (health team balance), distribution (urban/rural), and working conditions (compensation, nonfinancial incentives, and workplace safety). This study has identified the need to reform policies for retaining the nursing workforce. Simple measures requiring better management practices could substantially improve the working environment and hence retention of nurses.

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“…Multimodal strategies tailored to the individual appear most successful, but can be resource intensive (Cohen-Mansfield et al, 2015), which is problematic because of health care manpower shortages in a variety of settings (American Health Care Association, 2012; Harrington, Schnelle, McGregor, & Simmons, 2016). To address these shortages, health care leaders recommend technology to facilitate and augment the delivery of efficient, safe care (Hussain, Rivers, Glover, & Fottler, 2012; Institute of Medicine, 2011). Hence, there is an urgent need for efficacious strategies that are tailored to the individual and can exist within various resource-strained environments.…”

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confidence: 99%

Socially Assistive Robots: Measuring Older Adults' Perceptions

Beuscher¹,

Fan²,

Sarkar³

et al. 2017

J Gerontol Nurs

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To address manpower shortages, health care leaders recommend technology, including robots, to facilitate and augment processes for delivery of efficient, safe care. Little is known regarding older adults’ perceptions of socially assistive robots (SARs). Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology framework, a survey was developed and tested for capturing older adults’ likelihood to use SARs. The Robot Acceptance Survey (RAS) comprises three subscales: Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, and Attitude. Older adults completed the RAS pre- and post-experimental procedure with a SAR. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the subscales ranged from 0.77 to 0.89. Subscales were sensitive to change, with more positive reactions after exposure to SAR activities. Future studies must identify robotic programming capable of providing cognitive, physical, and social assistance, as well as person-, activity-, situation-, and robot-specific factors that will influence older adults’ acceptance of SARs.

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Strategies for dealing with future shortages in the nursing workforce: a review

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Ethical Issues Faced by Nurses during Nursing Practice in District Layyah, Pakistan

Ethical Issues Faced by Nurses during Nursing Practice in District Layyah, Pakistan

Job satisfaction among nurses working in the private and public sectors: a qualitative study in tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan

Socially Assistive Robots: Measuring Older Adults' Perceptions

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