Strategies and Techniques for Powering Wireless Sensor Nodes through Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer

Rosa, Roberto La; Livreri, Patrizia; Trigona, Carlo; Donato, Loreto Di; Sorbello, G.

doi:10.3390/s19122660

Cited by 95 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…These battery types are suitable for energy recovery and storage applications, as WSNs, portable and wearable devices, transport applications, etc. [25][26][27]. The lithium is widely used for realizing batteries given its chemical characteristics: besides being the lightest alkaline metal, it is also the least electro-negative one, a feature that guarantees the development of a high contact potential when combined with highly electronegative materials.…”

Section: State Of Art With Respect To the Self-discharge Phenomenon Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications

et al. 2020

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This paper aims to study the limitations and performances of the main energy storage devices commonly used in energy harvesting applications, namely super-capacitors (SC) and lithium polymer (LiPo) batteries. The self-discharge phenomenon is the main limitation to the employment of SCs to store energy for a long time, thus reducing efficiency and autonomy of the energy harvesting system. Therefore, the analysis of self-discharge trends was carried out for three different models of commercial SCs, describing the phenomenon in terms of self-discharge rate and internal resistance. In addition, physical interpretations concerning the self-discharge mechanism based on the experimental data are provided, thus explaining the two super-imposed phenomena featured by distinct time constants. Afterwards, the dependence of self-discharge phenomenon from the charging time duration (namely, SCs charged at 5 V and then kept under charge for one or five hours) was analyzed; by comparing the voltage drop during the self-discharge process, a self-discharge reduction for longer charging durations was obtained and the physical interpretation provided (at best −6.8% after 24 h and −13.4% after 120 h). Finally, self-discharge trends of two commercial 380 mAh LiPo batteries (model LW 752035) were acquired and analyzed; the obtained results show an open circuit voltage reduction of only 0.59% in the first 24 h and just 1.43% after 124 h.

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Section: State Of Art With Respect To the Self-discharge Phenomenon Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications

et al. 2020

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“…Implementing efficient WPT and RF EH is not a simple task, because even though RF energy offers high pervasiveness and the ability to be directed to out-of-sight locations, its power conversion efficiency (PCE) remains very low. All this has already prompted many researchers to contribute highly enlightening papers on the subject [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. This paper contributes to this field of research with an investigation of RF WPT between a power transmitter (reader) and an RF self-powered, battery-less BLE tag within a WSN infrastructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Advanced Monitoring Systems Based on Battery-Less Asset Tracking Modules Energized through RF Wireless Power Transfer

Rosa

Dehollain

Livreri

2020

Sensors

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Asset tracking involving accurate location and transportation data is highly suited to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) featuring battery-less nodes that can be deployed in virtually any environment and require little or no maintenance. In response to the growing demand for advanced battery-less sensor tag solutions, this article presents a system for identifying and monitoring the speeds of assets in a WSN with battery-less tags that receive all their operating energy through radio frequency (RF) wireless power transfer (WPT) architecture, and a unique measurement approach to generate time-domain speed readouts. The assessment includes performance characteristics and key features of a system on chip (SoC) purposely designed to power a node through RF WPT. The result is an innovative solution for RF to DC conversion able to address the principal difficulties associated with maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) with sensitivity and vice versa, a strategy, and a design optimization model to indicate the number of readers required for reliable asset identification and speed measurement. Model validation is performed through specific tests. Experimental results demonstrating the viability of the proposed advanced monitoring system are provided.

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“…A zero-standby solution, with discrete approach, has been presented by authors in order to remove the power dissipated during the standby of a measurement system, such as [15], [16] and [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated circuit to null standby using energy provided by MEMS sensors

Rosa¹,

Pandiyan²,

Trigona

et al. 2020

ACTA IMEKO

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The advent of smart measurement systems and innovative wireless sensor networks evinces the necessity to develop novel solutions for conditioning circuits to be used in autonomous or quasi autonomous measurement systems and sensing nodes. The main problem these systems still face is the question of how to supply the nodes in a cost-effective way, considering that, very often, a battery is required, and consequently, the maintenance labor and cost to replace or recharge it may be high. The main target is to increase battery lifetime by decreasing unnecessary energy consumption as much as possible. In this context, several solutions, including energy harvesters, have already been proposed. One of the main solutions is the reduction of power consumption by the measurement device while in standby, which, in most cases, represents a significant amount of the total power dissipation. To this end, authors have already addressed a zero-energy standby solution able to supply the power requested by the measurement equipment only when the appliance is turned on. In this paper, we present an integrated circuit solution suitable to be used with MEMS scale transducers. The validation and the characterisation of the system will be shown to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed method.

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Strategies and Techniques for Powering Wireless Sensor Nodes through Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer

Cited by 95 publications

References 55 publications

Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications

Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications

Advanced Monitoring Systems Based on Battery-Less Asset Tracking Modules Energized through RF Wireless Power Transfer

An integrated circuit to null standby using energy provided by MEMS sensors

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