Strategic trading and Ricardian comparative advantage

Modelling trade war between two countries under the international division of Labour

“…Shin and Balistreri (2022) [ 39 ] used a multiregional general equilibrium model to analyze the impact of the trade war between Japan and South Korea. Toraubally (2022) [ 43 ] used optimization problems and logic to illustrate that trade is influenced by strategic considerations. Sun, Luo, and Zhou (2022) [ 42 ] developed theoretical and empirical models to examine whether regional trade agreements could improve the quality of exported products amid uncertainties from the trade war.…”

“…Toraubally (2022) [ 43 ] employed a theoretical model in their analysis, focusing on the relationship between the traditional Ricardo-Haberlerian (1817; 1936) [ [22] , [36] ] theory of comparative advantage (RTCA) in trade wars. Their thesis echoes similarities with our findings, indicating the incompatibility between comparative advantage and trade wars.…”

Competitive advantage, relationship, and benefit: Primary and secondary influencing factors of supply chain collaboration in China’s advanced manufacturing industry

“…The theory of comparative advantage essentially states that, in the face of international trade and the gap in productivity levels between countries, countries tend to export products with comparative advantage and import products with comparative disadvantage [ 48 ]. This allows each country to save labor, gain specialization, increase production efficiency, and ensure that each country maximizes the benefits of its own product market [ 49 ]. The theory of comparative advantage is now widely used in the field of international/regional economic trade [ 50 ].…”

“…In terms of application scenarios, both theories can be used in the study of socioeconomic systems. The theory of comparative advantage emphasizes the use of the advantageous gap in resource endowments between subjects, trade exchange relations (which ensure the flow of factors such as commodities), and the acquisition of greater market benefits for each subject to achieve hand-in-hand development [ 49 ]. In terms of content points, this coincides with the essence of the synergy of economic systems (resources, factor flows, benefits) in the theory of synergy [ 47 ].…”

“…In terms of the role of content points, the nature of the synergy in socioeconomic systems determines the creation of synergistic phenomena. This role is also revealed in the theory of comparative advantage, where the occurrence of trade collaboration between countries is driven by the gap in resource endowments, the specialized division of labor and efficiency improvements generated by factor flows, and the maximization of market benefits [ 49 ]. Capturing the commonalities of the above three aspects, the theory of comparative advantage and synergetics can be combined.…”