“…Others consist more of routines and processes to generate and diffuse knowledge and learning within the organization to increase effi ciencies, improve products, and reduce costs. This categorization is similar to "inside-out" and "outside-in" capabilities (Moorman & Slotegraaf, 1999), internal and external learning (e.g., Bierly & Chakrabarti, 1996;Roth & Jackson, 1995), fan-out and fan-in capabilities (Hart & Sharma, 2004), and external and internal integrative capabilities (Verona, 1999) discussed in the literature.…”