Strain redistribution and cracking behavior of human bone during bending

Ebacher, Vincent; Tang, C.; McKay, Heather; Oxland, Thomas R.; Guy, Pierre; Wang, Rizhi

doi:10.1016/j.bone.2006.12.065

Cited by 86 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The bending tests were performed on six fresh and four dry human bones at a strain rate of 160 mm/min (Table 3). A three-point bending results in a tension side opposite to a compression side and is chosen since it is a common type of fracture in long bones [21]; furthermore, it is easy to control. In this type of bending, the tension side will fail first under the applied force and will continue in two directions until it reaches the compression side; this will usually result in a butterfly fracture [18].…”

Section: Fracture Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights in the analysis of blunt force trauma in human bones. Preliminary results

et al. 2016

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Determining the time of injury is an important but still a challenging task in forensic anthropology. In literature, many descriptions can be found to make a distinction between perimortem and postmortem fractures. Characteristics that are more related to fractures in fresh conditions, however, are not extensively investigated. This study compared 28 perimortem fractures from autopsies and 21 both fresh and dry experimentally reproduced human bone fractures. Preliminary results showed the following five distinct traits that might be related to perimortem conditions: layered breakage, bone scales, crushed margins, wave lines and flakes with matching flake defect. These distinct traits might not only be good estimators of perimortem trauma but also may be an indicator of trauma in intra vitam conditions, especially related with muscular reaction to injury. Furthermore, layered breakage seems to be a good trait to infer the biomechanics of trauma.

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Section: Fracture Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights in the analysis of blunt force trauma in human bones. Preliminary results

et al. 2016

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“…Several investigations on the dynamic and quasi-static behaviour of bone have determined that factors such as material orientation [5][6][7][8], the mode of loading (tension or compression) [9], age [10], gender [11] and bone mineral density [12] influence the fracture and pre-fracture responses of cortical bone. This paper, however, focusses on the ratedependent nature of bone which has been documented by numerous studies over the past fifty years [4,5,[13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constant strain rate compression of bovine cortical bone on the Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar

Bekker

Cloete

Chinsamy³

et al. 2015

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…8.11). The finite element results presented in this work show the characteristic cross-hatched patterns that are in good agreement with epi-fluorescence images reported in the literature (Ebacher et al [2007]; Ebacher and Wang [2009]). …”

Section: Detailed Geometrysupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The aim of this Chapter is to apply the same methodology and validate damage 3D models with realistic geometries based on experimental tests from bibliography (Ebacher et al [2012(Ebacher et al [ , 2007; Ebacher and Wang [2009]). Three-dimensional modeling of bone microstructure is a useful tool for predicting the anisotropic mechanical behavior and its study can lead to interesting applications in multi-scale models for the improvement of fracture prevention and treatment.…”

Section: Damage Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to model the interstitial tissue in a more realistic way (as lamellar structure) and to compare it with the growth of cracks in experimental tests, micrographs from Ebacher et al [2012Ebacher et al [ , 2007; Ebacher and Wang [2009] have been used as reference to evaluate the damage propagation under a compression test in a three-dimensional model where elastic properties and damage parameters have been adjusted in previous sections.…”

Section: Detailed Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the mechanical behavior of cortical bone microstructure by the finite element method

Villegas¹

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Cortical bone tissue is the responsible of giving support and structure to vertebrates. For that reason, understanding and analyzing its behavior is needed from each different hierarchical level that composes it. The lower the structural scale is, the greater the complexity and scarcity of studies in literature. These studies are relevant for understanding, preventing and solving important health problems that affect human beings.From a mechanical point of view is interesting to evaluate and apply engineering numerical tools to analyze complex materials as biological tissues, increasing the state of the art in different disciplines that can be applied in numerous fields as material science, biomechanics, numerical methods, medicine and more.In this Thesis the mechanical behavior of cortical bone at microstructural level is analyzed, with finite element models of its basic structure, the osteon. The microstructure of osteons, composed of mineralized collagen fibrils in layers with different orientations disposed concentrically around blood vessels is considered in the models for the calculation of elastic properties and failure criteria definition.For obtaining elastic properties, the use of micromechanical finite element models is considered, with heterogeneous composition for both mineralized col-I lagen fibrils (at nanostructural level) and lamellar level (at sub-microstructural level).The failure analysis for realistic geometries is applied after comparing different models that involve, on one hand the growth of microcracks with contact conditions and on the other, degradation of elastic material properties by user subroutines of the finite element code, the latter being the one that brings better results from a computational cost viewpoint. Therefore an interesting alternative is here presented that can be used to evaluate the damage propagation at three-dimensional level, which with other methods as X-FEM can be computationally unaffordable.Composite materials failure criteria are applied to osteon analysis and the results are related with experimental tests from bibliography, showing the relevance of shear stresses between lamellae for failure initiation and propagation. In a two-dimensional study it is also shown the important role of osteocyte lacunae in the failure initiation, what is interesting from a cellular mechanotransduction approach. II C. Arango Villegas ResumenEl tejidoóseo cortical es el encargado de dar soporte y estructura a los vertebrados. Existe por tanto una necesidad de conocer y analizar mecánicamente su comportamiento desde los distintos niveles jerárquicos que lo componen, siendo mayor la complejidad y más escasos los estudios disponibles en la literatura cuanto más pequeña es la escala estructural que se analiza. Estos estudios son relevantes para comprender, prevenir y solucionar problemas de salud importantes que afectan al ser humano.Desde el punto de vista mecánico es interesante evaluar y aplicar herramientas numéricas ingenieriles para el análisis de materiales más co...

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Strain redistribution and cracking behavior of human bone during bending

Cited by 86 publications

References 56 publications

New insights in the analysis of blunt force trauma in human bones. Preliminary results

New insights in the analysis of blunt force trauma in human bones. Preliminary results

Constant strain rate compression of bovine cortical bone on the Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar

Study of the mechanical behavior of cortical bone microstructure by the finite element method

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