Strain Rate Sensitivity of Automotive Steels

Shi, Ming; Meuleman, D. J.

doi:10.4271/920245

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Gilat and Wu (1997) studied the response of a hot-rolled 1020 steel at the strain rates 5×10 -4 /sec, 2/sec and 1000/sec with various temperatures ranged from 25 o C to 600 o C. Liang (1999, 2000) studied the dynamic behaviors of three BCC metals of tantalum, tantalum alloy and AerMet 100 steel over a range of strain rates from 10 -6 /sec to 10 4 /sec and temperatures from 77 o F to 600 o F. Netmat-Nasser andGuo (2001, 2003) performed Hopkinson bar tests with AL-6XN stainless steel, DH-36 structural steel for ships and Nitronic-50 stainless steel over a wide range of temperatures from 77K to 1000K and they used to address the dynamic and the thermal softening behavior of these steels at high strain rate deformation. Lee and Liu (2006) conducted a compressive type Hopkinson bar test in order to compare the dynamic behavior of three steels with different levels of carbon content under strain rates ranging from 1.1×10 3 /sec to 5.5×10 3 /sec and temperatures ranging from 25 o C to 600 o C. Some studies on the dynamic behavior of the structural steel sheets for an auto-body at high strain rates above 1000/sec are conducted at room temperature (Shi and Meuleman, 1992;Miura et al, 1996;Mahadevan et al, 1998;. Although each investigation focused on a different aspect of testing methods or material responses, common characteristics observed were effects of strain rates and temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic hardening equation of the auto-body steel sheet with the variation of temperature

Huh

Lee

Song

2011

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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This paper is concerned with the empirical hardening equation of steel sheets for an auto-body at intermediate strain rates with the variation of temperature. In order to identify the temperature dependence of the strain-rate sensitivity of steel sheets such as SPRC35R, SPRC45E and TRIP60, uniaxial tensile tests have been performed with the variation of the strain rate from 0.001/sec to 200/sec and the environmental temperature from -40 o C to 200 o C. The thermo-mechanical response at the quasi-static state is obtained from static tensile tests and that at the intermediate strain rate is obtained from high speed tensile tests. The effects of both the strain rate and the temperature on the flow stress and the fracture elongation are investigated with the experimental data. Experimental results provide the variation of the strain-rate sensitivity with respect to the temperature. They also show that as the strain rate increases, the variation of flow stress becomes sensitive to the temperature. A phenomenological constitutive model is newly proposed by modifying the well-known Khan-Huang-Liang model. Based on the experimental data, both the strain rate and the temperature dependent sensitivity of the flow stress are considered in the proposed model by coupling the strain, the strain rate and the temperature. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed model quantitatively, the standard error between the experimental data and the fitted one is compared with other empirical constitutive models such as the Johnson-Cook and the Khan-Huang-Liang models. The comparison demonstrates that the model proposed gives relatively accurate description of the experimental data at the various strain rates and temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic hardening equation of the auto-body steel sheet with the variation of temperature

Huh

Lee

Song

2011

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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“…The tests only specify one combination of roll and pitch angles, which are not necessarily the worst case loading for a given roof structure . The high strength steel commonly used in vehicle greenhouse design has been found to have rate sensitive properties, with an estimated 8-20% increase in yield strength for different grades of steel for a two order of magnitude increase of strain rate (Shi, 1992;Yan, 2003). The loading rate (0.0127 m/s) is at least two orders of magnitude below what is observed in dynamic roof-to-ground impacts (~1.5 m/s) (Friedman, 2001), which suggests that a quasi-static test may not capture the loading rate sensitivity of modern vehicle structures.…”

Section: Fmvss 216 Criticismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roof Deformation in Vehicle Rollover: The Case for Including an Energy Criterion in Vehicle Crashworthiness Evaluation

Lockerby

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Vehicle rollover crashes are a serious public health concern in the United States with far reaching socioeconomic impacts. Rollovers occur in only 3% of crashes, but account for a disproportionately high number of the serious traffic injuries and fatalities, 30% in 2008 (NHTSA, 2010). Currently in the United States, the only federal motor vehicle safety standard (FMVSS 216) governing vehicle crashworthiness for rollover is based on a quasi-static roof crush test that requires each vehicle to have a minimum strength-to-weight ratio (SWR>3.0). FMVSS 216 has been criticized for not accurately representing vehicle structural response to real-world dynamic rollover crashes, as well as for the choice of peak SWR as the evaluation metric. This thesis is a collection of three studies aimed at evaluating the relationships between force, energy, and deformation in rollover crashes. It is hypothesized that for a vehicle in a single roof-to-ground rollover impact that greater total kinetic energy at touchdown will result in larger structural deformation, and that an increase in the peak SWR of the vehicle will not reduce deformation if it is not accompanied by a similar increase in energy absorption.

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On certain aspects of strain rate sensitivity of sheet metals

Shi¹,

Meuleman²

1995

JMEP

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Strain Rate Sensitivity of Automotive Steels

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Dynamic hardening equation of the auto-body steel sheet with the variation of temperature

Dynamic hardening equation of the auto-body steel sheet with the variation of temperature

Roof Deformation in Vehicle Rollover: The Case for Including an Energy Criterion in Vehicle Crashworthiness Evaluation

On certain aspects of strain rate sensitivity of sheet metals

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