Strain rate effect on the mechanical behavior of the anterior cruciate ligament–bone complex

Pioletti, Dominique P.; Rakotomanana, L.; Leyvraz, P. F.

doi:10.1016/s1350-4533(99)00028-4

Cited by 114 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the present study, only the passive behavior of the muscles was accounted for. The passive stress-strain law applied to the muscles (Table 1) was based on the strain energy function of Veronda [20] that has been recently applied for other joint soft tissue as ligaments and tendons [21,22].…”

Section: Finite Element Model Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A finite element model of the shoulder: application to the comparison of normal and osteoarthritic joints

Büchler

Ramaniraka

Rakotomanana

et al. 2002

Clinical Biomechanics

137

101

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Objective. The objective of the present study was to develop a numerical model of the shoulder able to quantify the influence of the shape of the humeral head on the stress distribution in the scapula. The subsequent objective was to apply the model to the comparison of the biomechanics of a normal shoulder (free of pathologies) and an osteoarthritic shoulder presenting primary degenerative disease that changes its bone shape.Design. Since the stability of the glenohumeral joint is mainly provided by soft tissues, the model includes the major rotator cuff muscles in addition to the bones.Background. No existing numerical model of the shoulder is able to determine the modification of the stress distribution in the scapula due to a change of the shape of the humeral head or to a modification of the glenoid contact shape and orientation.Methods. The finite element method was used. The model includes the three-dimensional computed tomography-reconstructed bone geometry and three-dimensional rotator cuff muscles. Large sliding contacts between the reconstructed muscles and the bone surfaces, which provide the joint stability, were considered. A non-homogenous constitutive law was used for the bone as well as non-linear hyperelastic laws for the muscles and for the cartilage. Muscles were considered as passive structures. Internal and external rotations of the shoulders were achieved by a displacement of the muscle active during the specific rotation (subscapularis for internal and infrapinatus for external rotation).Results. The numerical model proposed is able to describe the biomechanics of the shoulder during rotations. The comparison of normal vs. osteoarthritic joints showed a posterior subluxation of the humeral head during external rotation for the osteoarthritic shoulder but no subluxation for the normal shoulder. This leads to important von Mises stress in the posterior part of the glenoid region of the pathologic shoulder while the stress distribution in the normal shoulder is fairly homogeneous.Conclusion. This study shows that the posterior subluxation observed in clinical situations for osteoarthritic shoulders may also be cause by the altered geometry of the pathological shoulder and not only by a rigidification of the subscapularis muscle as often postulated. This result is only possible with a model including the soft tissues provided stability of the shoulder. RelevanceOne possible cause of the glenoid loosening is the eccentric loading of the glenoid component due to the translation of the humeral head. The proposed model would be a useful tool for designing new shapes for a humeral head prosthesis that optimizes the glenoid loading, the bone stress around the implant, and the bone/implant micromotions in a way that limits the risks of loosening.

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Section: Finite Element Model Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A finite element model of the shoulder: application to the comparison of normal and osteoarthritic joints

Büchler

Ramaniraka

Rakotomanana

et al. 2002

Clinical Biomechanics

137

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The length variation of the links due the hyperelastic behavior, is named in this work, as deformation . This deformation has units of length and can be obtained considering the experimental stress-strain curves for one ACL specimen ( Figure 6) and its geometric data, as found in [13]. The initial state is defi ned as the confi guration used in the section 2.1.…”

Section: Consideration Of Hyperelastic Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the successive ligament positions (considering rigid links) have to be updated, as shown in Eqs. (15) and (16) Figure 6 Experimental data for an ACL specimen: a) Stress-strain data at seven strain rates: , 0.1%/s; ○, 1%/s; □, 5%/s; ◊, 10%/s; Δ, 20%/s; ⊞, 30%/s; ▽, 40%/s; based on [13]. b) data obtained from a stress-strain rate of 1%/s.…”

Section: Consideration Of Hyperelastic Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In turn, the values of are calculated through the multiplication of the strain values by the length of the unloaded ligament . Values of and were obtained from [13]. The curve obtained for a stress-strain rate of 1%/s is shown in Figure 6 (b).…”

Section: Consideration Of Hyperelastic Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…experimental stress-strain curves [13]. Finally, the effect of the hyperelastic behavior can be analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relevance of the hyperelastic behavior of cruciate ligaments in the modeling of the human knee joint in sagittal plane

Ponce-Saldias

Martins

Mello-Roesler

et al. 2015

Rev. Fac. Ing. Antioquia

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Relevance of the hyperelastic behavior of cruciate ligaments in the modeling of the human knee joint in sagittal planeABSTRACT: The rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most common injury of the human knee. When surgery is required, it is helpful for orthopedic surgeons to scientifi cally defi ne the best position for the graft, which approximates the functionality of an intact ACL. To accomplish that, it is crucial to estimate the force acting on the ligament (or graft) in response to an external load applied to the knee. This force is called the in-situ force. The objective of this research is to evidence the relevance of the hyperelastic behavior of cruciate ligaments in the two-dimensional modeling of the knee. To achieve this, a sequential method of modeling is proposed based on the theory of mechanisms and Davies' method. In a fi rst approach the cruciate ligaments are treated as rigid bodies, and in a second approach, as hyperelastic bodies. These two approaches are then compared. The model provides information to assist the preoperative planning, by simulation of the ACL positions and insitu forces. The proposed methodology consists of four steps and an experimental procedure performed by a robotic manipulator to obtain the in-situ forces. Experimental in-situ forces are used to validate the proposed model. Besides helping the preoperative planning, the model allows verifying two relevant biomechanical hypotheses: 1. During the simulation of the ACL in-situ force, the modeling of the cruciate ligaments as rigid links shows similar results to the modeling, which considers the hyperelastic behavior (more complex). 2. The ACL in-situ force can be well approximated when the knee is modeled as a two-dimensional four bar mechanism. Based on the results it can be concluded that the forces obtained by simulations that consider the hyperelastic behavior of the cruciate ligaments are close to the forces obtained by simulations that consider the cruciate ligaments as rigid bodies. It can also be noted that the simulated results are quite similar to the experimental results, which is important considering that the proposed model is simplifi ed. RESUMEN:La ruptura del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) es la lesión más común de la rodilla humana. Cuando se requiere cirugía, es de mucha ayuda para los cirujanos defi nir científi camente el mejor punto de inserción del injerto, para que pueda tener una funcionalidad similar a la de un LCA intacto. Para esto, es crucial la estimación de la fuerza que actúa en el ligamento (o injerto) en respuesta a una carga externa aplicada sobre la rodilla. Esta fuerza es llamada fuerza in-situ. El objetivo de esta investigación es evidenciar la relevancia del comportamiento hiperelástico de los ligamentos cruzados en el modelaje bidimensional de la rodilla. Para ello, se propone una metodología secuencial de modelaje basándose en teoría de mecanismos y el método de Davies. En una primera aproximación, los ligamentos cruzados son considerados como cuerpos rígidos; en u...

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Mimicking the Graded Wavy Structure of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Camarero‐Espinosa

Yuan

Emans

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the connective tissue providing mechanical stability to the knee joint. ACL reconstruction upon rupture remains a clinical challenge due to the high mechanical properties required for proper functioning. ACL owes its outstanding mechanical properties to the arrangement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to the cells with distinct phenotypes present along the length of the tissue. Tissue regeneration appears as an ideal alternative. In this study, a tri-phasic fibrous scaffold that mimics the structure of collagen in the native ECM is developed, presenting a wavy intermediate zone and two aligned uncurled extremes. The mechanical properties of the wavy scaffolds present a toe region, characteristic of the native ACL, and an extended yield and ultimate strain compared to aligned scaffolds. The presentation of a wavy fiber arrangement affects cell organization and the deposition of a specific ECM characteristic of fibrocartilage. Cells cultured in wavy scaffolds grow in aggregates, deposit an abundant ECM rich in fibronectin and collagen II, and express higher amounts of collagen II, X, and tenomodulin as compared to aligned scaffolds. In vivo implantation in rabbits shows a high cellular infiltration and the formation of an oriented ECM compared to aligned scaffolds.

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Strain rate effect on the mechanical behavior of the anterior cruciate ligament–bone complex

Cited by 114 publications

References 22 publications

A finite element model of the shoulder: application to the comparison of normal and osteoarthritic joints

A finite element model of the shoulder: application to the comparison of normal and osteoarthritic joints

Relevance of the hyperelastic behavior of cruciate ligaments in the modeling of the human knee joint in sagittal plane

Mimicking the Graded Wavy Structure of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

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