“…During the highway construction, engineer often uses pile foundation to stiffen permafrost structure, so as to increase the bearing capacity of subgrade (Khrenov, 2016;Crowther, 2015). As a kind of important pile foundation, cement fly ash gravel (CFG) pile composite is widely applied in the treatment for permafrost foundation owing to the following advantages: little heat radiation, excellent freeze thawing resistance, large lifting amplitude of bearing capacity, simple construction, short construction period and low cost (Zhou and Li, 2010;Song et al, 2015;Weng et al, 2015;Yu et al, 2017;Lai et al, 2016) Foundation Institute of China Academy of Building Research developed CFG pile composite foundation in the early 1990s (Zhao et al, 2008), which greatly facilitated the development of composite foundation theory and design method. CFG pile is high bond strength pile formed by cement, fly ash, gravel, aggregate chips, sand, and a moderate amount of water, together with soil between piles and cushion to form composite foundation.…”