Strain measurement in the medial collateral ligament of the human knee: An autopsy study

Arms, Steven W.; Boyle, John; Johnson, Robert J.; Pope, Malcolm H.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(83)90063-5

Cited by 101 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is clear that ligament strains and forces should certainly remain below this 70 level after TKA. high sensitivity on the one hand and their limited strength on the other, it is in fact questionable 76 whether the collateral ligaments really stabilize the knee joint (Arms et al, 1983). Their role might be 77 more that of sensors which trigger the real knee joint stabilizers, i.e.…”

Section: Interpretation : 36mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral ligament strains during knee joint laxity evaluation before and after TKA

Delport

Labey²,

Corte³

et al. 2013

Clinical Biomechanics

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Section: Interpretation : 36mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral ligament strains during knee joint laxity evaluation before and after TKA

Delport

Labey²,

Corte³

et al. 2013

Clinical Biomechanics

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“…25 Fibers of different portions of the MCL are positioned at different angles, so they become slack or taut during motion and, therefore, stabilize the tibiofemoral joint at different angles and joint positions. 8,18,23 When the knee flexes, the MCL slides backward, the anterior portion becomes taut in nearly all degrees of flexion, 18,20,26 and the posterior portion of the ligament becomes slack. 6,24 When the knee extends, the MCL moves forward, and both the anterior and posterior portions are taut.…”

Section: Strain Measurements Of the Tibiofemoral Jointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 The positioning of these fibers increases the ligament's ability to resist valgus and external rotation stresses, but this resistance depends upon the amount of flexion in which the knee is positioned. 6,16,18 During flexion, the anterior fibers tighten and resist valgus motion, while the posterior fibers slacken. 6,16,[18][19][20] How much flexion is needed to decrease the contribution of the anterior fibers to resisting a valgus force is unknown, but our findings suggest that between 06 and 206 of flexion, the tibiofemoral joint has fewer structures (contributing to Ao) positioned to resist force.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Medial Collateral Ligamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,16,18 During flexion, the anterior fibers tighten and resist valgus motion, while the posterior fibers slacken. 6,16,[18][19][20] How much flexion is needed to decrease the contribution of the anterior fibers to resisting a valgus force is unknown, but our findings suggest that between 06 and 206 of flexion, the tibiofemoral joint has fewer structures (contributing to Ao) positioned to resist force. In other words, the slope of the force-strain line is less; thus, the calculated stiffness of the medial knee changes at some point between 06 and 206 of knee flexion.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Medial Collateral Ligamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 In full extension, positioning of all portions of the MCL prevents tibiofemoral joint valgus movement. 6,18,19,22,27 Warren et al 16 sectioned portions of the MCL and tested medial joint opening as each structure was cut. When the superficial fibers alone were cut, a significant increase in medial joint opening resulted, even with the deep ligaments, posterior capsule, ACL, and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) intact.…”

Section: Strain Measurements Of the Tibiofemoral Jointmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bilateral Medial Tibiofemoral Joint Stiffness in Full Extension and 20° of Knee Flexion

Aronson

Rijke

Ingersoll

2008

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context:The valgus stress test is used clinically to assess injury to the medial knee structures in 2 positions: full extension and some degree of flexion. The amount of flexion used to ''isolate'' the medial collateral ligament is not consistent in the literature, but most studies have shown that stiffness of the ligaments was consistent between the limbs.Objective: To determine (1) if the stiffness of the medial knee structures was the same bilaterally, and (2) if the stiffness was different in full extension compared with 206 of knee flexion.Design: Criterion standard, before-after design. Setting: University research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Both knees of 45 healthy and active volunteers (26 females, 19 males; age 5 23.2 6 3.96 years, height 5 170.6 6 7.75 cm, mass 5 74.2 6 15.14 kg) were studied.Intervention(s): A valgus force of 60 N was applied to the lateral aspect of both knees in full extension and in 206 of flexion. Main Outcome Measure(s):The slope of the force-strain line of the medial knee during a valgus force was calculated using the LigMaster arthrometer.Results: Slope means in full extension were 16.1 6 3.3 (right knee) and 15.8 6 3.1(left knee). Means for 206 of flexion were 12.2 6 3.1 (right) and 11.7 6 2.8 (left). Stiffness was greater when the knee was in full extension versus 206 of flexion (t 44 5 12.04, P , .001). No difference was noted between the slopes of the 2 knees in extension (t 44 5 0.74, P 5 .46) or in flexion (t 44 5 1.2, P 5 .27).Conclusions: These findings support the use of the contralateral knee as a control. Further, the valgus stress test should be performed in full extension and in some degree of flexion to assess the different restraining structures of the medial tibiofemoral joint.

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Neuromechanical Loading of Biological Tissues

Brüggemann

2010

Neuromuscular Aspects of Sport Performance

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Biomechanical and biological factors related to the performance enhancement in gymnastics indicate that the potential of the neuro-musculoskeletal system seems to be close to or even at the ultimate tolerance limits. Acute and chronic severe tissue injuries are frequently reported from male and female gymnasts. In general mechanical loading of the musculoskeletal system is a prerequisite for morphological and functional adaptation of biological material. But if stress and strain increase to a certain level and exceed the mechanical limits of the individual structure, mechanical loading may lead to tissue damage. Young gymnasts have been shown to be particularly prone to overuse injuries, as their musculoskeletal system is still immature. One of the most serious overuse problems for young athletes is the development of abnormal radiological signs in the lumbar spine and the thoracic-lumbar transition. Research on biological load and injury in gymnastics indicated that tissue abnormalities, chronic injuries and acute tissue damage are related to mechanical load, the technical devices and apparatus; as well as, neuromuscular performance, muscular strength and technique.

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Strain measurement in the medial collateral ligament of the human knee: An autopsy study

Cited by 101 publications

References 9 publications

Collateral ligament strains during knee joint laxity evaluation before and after TKA

Collateral ligament strains during knee joint laxity evaluation before and after TKA

Bilateral Medial Tibiofemoral Joint Stiffness in Full Extension and 20° of Knee Flexion

Neuromechanical Loading of Biological Tissues

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