Strain-hardening Ultra-High-Performance Geopolymer Concrete (UHPGC): Matrix design and effect of steel fibers

Lao, Jian-Cong; Xu, Ling-Yu; Huang, Bo-Tao; Dai, Jian‐Guo; Shah, Surendra P.

doi:10.1016/j.coco.2022.101081

Cited by 83 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In recent decades, geopolymer, which is known as a clinker-free lowcarbon binder, has a good potential to be a sustainable replacement for Portland cement, and has gradually attracted increasing attentions of researchers (Li et al, 2019;Amran et al, 2020;Xu et al, 2021a;Peng et al, 2022;Peng et al, 2023). Since geopolymer can present a similar mechanical performance with the cement paste, it has been successfully adopted to produce different types of advanced sustainable construction materials, such as artificial geopolymer aggregates (Xu et al, 2021b;Qian et al, 2022;Qian et al, 2023), Engineered/Strain-Hardening Geopolymer Composites (EGC/SHGC) (Yoo et al, 2022b;Lao et al, 2023), and ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (UHPGC) (Ambily et al, 2014;Ranjbar et al, 2017;Wetzel and Middendorf, 2019;Liu et al, 2020a;Liu et al, 2020b;Lao et al, 2022). Here, it is mentioned that strain-hardening can also be achieved in UHPGC through proper matrix design and fiber utilization, and this material can be termed as strain-hardening UHPGC (SH-UHPGC) (Lao et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since geopolymer can present a similar mechanical performance with the cement paste, it has been successfully adopted to produce different types of advanced sustainable construction materials, such as artificial geopolymer aggregates (Xu et al, 2021b;Qian et al, 2022;Qian et al, 2023), Engineered/Strain-Hardening Geopolymer Composites (EGC/SHGC) (Yoo et al, 2022b;Lao et al, 2023), and ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (UHPGC) (Ambily et al, 2014;Ranjbar et al, 2017;Wetzel and Middendorf, 2019;Liu et al, 2020a;Liu et al, 2020b;Lao et al, 2022). Here, it is mentioned that strain-hardening can also be achieved in UHPGC through proper matrix design and fiber utilization, and this material can be termed as strain-hardening UHPGC (SH-UHPGC) (Lao et al, 2022). The tensile strain-hardening behavior can further extend the potential of such construction materials for different application purposes (e.g., precast structure, repair, impact, and explosive resistances) (Kumar et al, 2022;Yin et al, 2023a;Yin et al, 2023b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilization of sodium carbonate activator in strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (SH-UHPGC)

Lao

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Mater.

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In this study, strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (SH-UHPGC) was produced using Na2CO3, Na2SiO3 and their hybridization (1:1 in mole ratio) as alkaline activators. An ultra-high compressive strength was achieved for all the developed strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (i.e., over 130 MPa). Strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete with hybrid Na2CO3 and Na2SiO3 activators showed the highest compressive strength (186.0 MPa), tensile strain capacity (0.44%), and tensile strength (11.9 MPa). It should be highlighted that very significant multiple cracking can be observed for all the strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete even at a very low tensile strain level (e.g., 0.1%). According to the reaction heat, microstructures, and chemical composition analyses, strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete with hybrid activators had the highest reaction degree, while that of Na2CO3-based strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete was the lowest. It was found that the Na2CO3-based strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete showed the best sustainability, and the strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete with hybrid Na2SiO3 and Na2CO3 presented the best overall performance (considering the mechanical performance, energy consumption, environmental impact, and economical potential). The findings of this work provide useful knowledge for improving the sustainability and economic potential of strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of sodium carbonate activator in strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (SH-UHPGC)

Lao

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Mater.

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“…The average value of the three prisms was taken as the result. According to the recent test [ 28 ], the compressive elastic modulus can be calculated as follows:

where, E c is elastic modulus (MPa); F a is the load under one-third of axial compressive strength (N); F 0 is the beginning load under 0.5 MPa (N); A is the bearing area (mm 2 ); L is the measuring range (mm); and Δ n is the mean value of deformation on both sides of the prism at the last loading from F 0 to F a (mm).…”

Section: Experimental Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the mechanical properties and durability of traditional GPC cannot fully meet the requirements in the engineering in a severe environment [ 21 ]. Therefore, some researchers introduced different kinds of materials to further enhance the durability and toughness of GPC, such as nanomaterials, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, steel fibers and so on [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Adding nanomaterial into the matrix is one of the most effective methods for enhancing the applicability and improving the mechanical properties and durability of GPC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Nano-SiO2 Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete under the Coupling Effect of a Wet–Thermal and Chloride Salt Environment

Jin

Zhang

et al. 2022

Polymers

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In this study, the mechanical behaviors of nano-SiO2 reinforced geopolymer concrete (NS-GPC) under the coupling effect of a wet–thermal and chloride salt environment were investigated through a series of basic experiments, and a simulation on the coupling effect of a wet–thermal and chloride salt environment and SEM test were also included. During the experiments for the coupling effect of the wet–thermal and chloride salt environment, an environment simulation test chamber was utilized to simulate the wet–thermal and chloride salt environment, in which the parameters of relative humidity, temperature, mass fraction of NaCl solution and action time were set as 100%, 45 °C, 5% and 60 d, respectively. The content of nano-SiO2 (NS) particles added in geopolymer concrete (GPC) were 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%. The result indicated that the mechanical properties of NS reinforced GPC decreased under the coupling effect of the wet–thermal and chloride salt environment compared to the control group in the natural environment. When the NS content was 1.5%, the cube and splitting tensile strength, elastic modulus and impact toughness of GPC under the coupling environment of wet–thermal and chloride salt were decreased by 9.7%, 9.8%, 19.2% and 44.4%, respectively, relative to that of the GPC under the natural environment. The addition of NS improved the mechanical properties of GPC under the coupling effect of the wet–thermal and chloride salt environment. Compared to the control group without NS, the maximum increment in cube compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus of NS–GPC under the coupling effect of the wet–thermal and chloride salt environment due to the incorporation of NS reached 25.8%, 9.6% and 17.2%, respectively. Specifically, 1.5% content of NS increased the impact toughness, impact numbers of initial crack and the ultimate failure of GPC by 122.3%, 109% and 109.5%, respectively.

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“…Owing to its high content of glassy phase and SiO 2 , CaO, and Al 2 O, GGBFS is a promising geopolymer precursor [ 26 ]. Thus far, GGBFS has been widely used as a raw material for geopolymer preparation and application in high-performance concrete [ 27 ], infrastructure construction [ 28 ], and composite manufacturing [ 29 ]. In India, Tembhurkar et al [ 28 ] produced a modular toilet unit using GGBFS/FA-based geopolymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Magnesium Salt (MgCl2 and MgSO4) on the Microstructures and Properties of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS)-Based Geopolymer

et al. 2022

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The use of seawater to prepare geopolymers has attracted significant research attention; however, the ions in seawater considerably influence the properties of the resulting geopolymers. This study investigated the effects of magnesium salts and alkaline solutions on the microstructure and properties of ground-granulated-blast-furnace-slag-based geopolymers. The magnesium salt–free Na2SiO4-activatied geopolymer exhibited a much higher 28 d compressive strength (63.5 MPa) than the salt-free NaOH-activatied geopolymer (31.4 MPa), with the former mainly containing an amorphous phase (C-(A)-S-H gel) and the latter containing numerous crystals. MgCl2·6H2O addition prolonged the setting times and induced halite and Cl-hydrotalcite formation. Moreover, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the Na2SiO4-activated geopolymer containing 8.5 wt% MgCl2·6H2O exhibited a higher critical pore size (1624 nm) and consequently, a lower 28 d compressive strength (30.1 MPa) and a more loosely bound geopolymer matrix than the salt-free geopolymer. In contrast, MgSO4 addition had less pronounced effects on the setting time, mineral phase, and morphology. The Na2SiO4-activated geopolymer with 9.0 wt% MgSO4 exhibited a compressive strength of 42.8 MPa, also lower than that of the salt-free geopolymer. The results indicate that Cl− is more harmful to the GGBFS-based geopolymer properties and microstructure than SO42− is.

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Strain-hardening Ultra-High-Performance Geopolymer Concrete (UHPGC): Matrix design and effect of steel fibers

Cited by 83 publications

References 45 publications

Utilization of sodium carbonate activator in strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (SH-UHPGC)

Utilization of sodium carbonate activator in strain-hardening ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete (SH-UHPGC)

Mechanical Properties of Nano-SiO2 Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete under the Coupling Effect of a Wet–Thermal and Chloride Salt Environment

Effect of Magnesium Salt (MgCl2 and MgSO4) on the Microstructures and Properties of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS)-Based Geopolymer

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