Strain Effects by Surface Oxidation of Cu3N Thin Films Deposited by DC Magnetron Sputtering

Majumdar, Abhijit; Drache, Steffen; Wulff, H.; Mukhopadhyay, Arun Kumar; Bhattacharyya, S. R.; Helm, Christiane A.; Hippler, R.

doi:10.3390/coatings7050064

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…This observation though not totally unexpected is difficult to comprehend in the present synthesis strategy which is a low-temperature process. Cu 3 N, a metastable semiconducting material with excellent dielectric properties, is conventionally synthesized by radio frequency sputtering, reactive pulsed laser deposition, sputtering, etc. − Some recent reports involve the use of a single source precursor with a 3:1 stoichiometric ratio of Cu/N, resulting in the reasonably low-temperature decomposition to obtain Cu 3 N. − Synthesis of nitrides and oxynitrides by the nitridation of oxides is also a reported process. The Cu 3 N observed by the protocol reported falls in this category.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

g-C₃N₄-Mediated Synthesis of Cu₂O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

2019

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A highly porous architecture of graphitic carbon nitride g-C3N4/Cu2O nanocomposite in the form of cubes with a side length of ≈ 1 μm, large pores of 1.5 nm, and a high surface area of 9.12 m2/g was realized by an optimized in situ synthesis protocol. The synthesis protocol involves dispersing a suitable “Cu” precursor into a highly exfoliated g-C3N4 suspension and initiating the reaction for the formation of Cu2O. Systematic optimization of the conditions and compositions resulted in a highly crystalline g-C3N4/Cu2O composite. In the absence of g-C3N4, the Cu2O particles assemble into cubes with a size of around 300 nm and are devoid of pores. Detailed structural and morphological evaluations by powder X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of highly exfoliated g-C3N4, which is responsible for the formation of the porous architecture in the cube like assembly of the composite. The micrographs clearly reveal the porous structure of the composite that retains the cubic shape of Cu2O, and the energy-dispersive spectroscopy supports the presence of g-C3N4 within the cubic morphology. Among the different g-C3N4/Cu2O compositions, CN/Cu-5 with 10% of g-C3N4, which is also the optimum composition resulting in a porous cubic morphology, shows the best visible light photocatalytic performance. This has been supported by the ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) studies of the composite which shows a band gap of around 2.05 eV. The improved photocatalytic performance of the composite could be attributed to the highly porous morphology along with the suitable optical band gap in the visible region of the solar spectrum. The optimized composite, CN/Cu-5, demonstrates a visible light degradation of 81% for Methylene Blue (MB) and 85.3% for Rhodamine-B (RhB) in 120 min. The decrease in the catalyst performance even after three repeated cycles is less than 5% for both MB and RhB dyes. The rate constant for MB and RhB degradation is six and eight times higher with CN/Cu-5 when compared with the pure Cu2O catalyst. To validate our claim that the dye degradation is not merely decolorization, liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy studies were carried out, and the end products of the degraded dyes were identified.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

g-C₃N₄-Mediated Synthesis of Cu₂O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

2019

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“…XPS is sensitive to surface contamination [26]. Before conducting the XPS analysis, the surfaces of the CuCr 1−x Zn x O 2 were bombarded with argon ions to remove absorbed oxygen elements and contaminants, in order to acquire the correct compositions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characteristics of Zn-Doped CuCrO2 Transparent Conductive Thin Films

Chen

2019

Coatings

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The effects of doping a p-type CuCrO2 film with zinc on its structural and optoelectronic properties were investigated by experiments using CuCr1−xZnxO2 thin films (x = 0, 0.025, 0.065, 0.085). An increase in the amount of zinc dopant in the thin films affected the lattice constant and increased its Gibbs free energy of phase transformation. Cross-sectional images of the CuCrO2 thin film samples exhibited a dense polygonal microstructure and a surface morphology with protruding nanoscale granules. With the increase in the amount of Zn dopant, the surface roughness decreased, thereby increasing the amount of incident photons as well as the visible-light transmittance and ultraviolet-light absorption of the thin films. With the zinc doping in the CuCrO2 thin films, the band gap increased from 3.09 to 3.11 eV. The substitution of Cr3+ with Zn2+ forms hole carriers in the crystals, which was demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Hall effect measurements. The conductivities and carrier concentrations of the Zn-doped CuCrO2 thin films were greater than those of undoped CuCrO2. The CuCr1−xZnxO2 film (x = 0.065) exhibited the best optoelectronic properties; its carrier concentration and resistivity were 1.88 × 1017 cm−3 and 3.82 Ωcm, respectively.

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“…2) with positive slope at lower temperatures. Qualitatively, this behavior indicates that the crystallites are anisotropic in shape and present domains with imperfections within the crystalline lattice (stacking faults, vacancies, dislocations, and others), respectively 18,19 . The analyses of WH-plot results are in good agreement with the TEM images, and point toward a smooth increase of the crystallite size of resulting nanostructures in the early range of annealing temperature (around 450 ºC), reaching values close to 20 nm at 700 ºC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annealing Effects on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanostructures

et al. 2018

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ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a proteic sol-gel method, using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and gelatin as precursors. Size and shape evolution of ZnO nanostructures were achieved by annealing temperature in the range 250-1000 ºC. The crystalline structure, morphology and optical properties of the ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy (RS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and room temperature Photoluminescence (PL). The result of structural characterization shows the formation of platelets and nanorods in the micro-scale and ZnO nanostructures with high quality hexagonal wurtzite crystal. Sharp peaks in RS after annealing temperature, related to wurtzite structure, were observed corroborating with XRD and TEM measurements. Room temperature PL spectra showed two contribution bands which peaked at ~380 nm, originating from the recombination of free excitons, and ~520 nm corresponding to the impurities and structural defects, like oxygen vacancies and zinc interstitial. The effects of annealing temperature in the structural and optical properties are detailed and the results compared among the experimental techniques. The high quality of the samples obtained by an alternative organic precursor method opens a low-cost route to technological applications of zinc oxide.

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Strain Effects by Surface Oxidation of Cu3N Thin Films Deposited by DC Magnetron Sputtering

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

g-C₃N₄-Mediated Synthesis of Cu₂O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

g-C₃N₄-Mediated Synthesis of Cu₂O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

Synthesis and Characteristics of Zn-Doped CuCrO2 Transparent Conductive Thin Films

Annealing Effects on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanostructures

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Strain Effects by Surface Oxidation of Cu3N Thin Films Deposited by DC Magnetron Sputtering

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

g-C3N4-Mediated Synthesis of Cu2O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

g-C3N4-Mediated Synthesis of Cu2O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

Synthesis and Characteristics of Zn-Doped CuCrO2 Transparent Conductive Thin Films

Annealing Effects on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanostructures

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g-C₃N₄-Mediated Synthesis of Cu₂O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

g-C₃N₄-Mediated Synthesis of Cu₂O To Obtain Porous Composites with Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes