Straight vegetable oils usage in a compression ignition engine—A review

Characteristics of vegetable oils for use as fuel in stationary diesel engines—Towards specifications for a standard in West Africa

“…As shown in Table 1, despite a different chemical composition, vegetable oils have similar fuel properties to petroleum-derived diesel fuels, so they are suitable for fuelling diesel engines [49,50]. SVOs have several advantages over fuel oil for use as fuel in stationary diesel engines: i) local availability, ii) renewability, iii) relatively high HHV, iv) a lower sulphur content, avoiding the environmental issues caused by sulphuric acid, v) a lower aromatic content and vi) high biodegradability [13,28,51] . However, due to the high viscosity of SVOs and their low cetane number, slight engine adaptations are required and specific operating precautions need to be observed.…”

“…SVO viscosity is much higher than that of diesel fuel: it increases with the carbon chain lengths [28,52], triglyceride unsaturation which induces polymerization, and when the temperature decreases [51]. Common SVOs have a kinematic viscosity of 30-40 cSt at 40°C, (see Table 1) i.e.…”

“…10-15 times higher than that of diesel [28,37,[53][54][55]. SVO high viscosity causes i) a decrease in injection rate due to head losses in fuel injection pumps, filters and injectors, ii) poor fuel atomization and vaporization by the injectors, which leads to incomplete combustion inside the combustion chamber [51,56,57]. This results in lower thermodynamic efficiency, and an increase in soot emissions and particles.…”

“…were developed from the 1920s through to the 1940s [69]. Since the 1980s, biodiesel standards have been extensively developed [51] and are commonly used. More recently, with the recent renewed interest in vegetable oil as fuel, the Deutsche Institut für Normung proposed a specific quality pre-standard for rapeseed oil in 2006 [70] (DIN 51605).…”

Effects of different chemical additives on biodiesel fuel properties and engine performance. A comparison review

“…However, the reserves of petroleum-based fuels are limited and on the verge of reaching their maximum production. Although the majority of the renewable energy technologies are more eco-friendly than conventional energy, the use of these technologies is still limited primarily to stationary operations, mainly due to technological limitations and poor economics [1]. The current alternative to diesel fuel can be biodiesel.…”