Stotting in Thomson's gazelles: an honest signal of condition

Fitzgibbon, Clare D.; Fanshawe, John H.

doi:10.1007/bf00299889

Cited by 238 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Additionally, researchers have specified that signals should also increase the fitness of the receiver-otherwise they are considered "coercive displays" (McCullough & Reed, 2016;Scott-Phillips, 2008). As an example, FitzGibbon and Fanshawe (1988) suggested that when the Thompson's gazelle springs straight into the air (a behavior called "stotting"), it signals to predators that it is fit and capable of evading them. This jumping behavior is empirically associated with the gazelle's ability to outrun predators, and so it honestly signals to the predator that it would not be worthwhile to chase that particular animal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically engaged smiling predicts cooperation above and beyond average smiling levels

Danvers

Shiota

2018

Evolution and Human Behavior

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Smiling has been conceptualized as a signal of cooperative intent, yet smiles are easy to fake.We suggest that contextually appropriate, dynamically engaged smiling imposes an attentional cost, thereby making engaged smiling a plausible "honest signal" of cooperative intent. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed data from 123 pairs of same-sex strangers having "getting-to-knowyou" conversations who subsequently played a one-shot prisoner's dilemma together. We calculated the strength of engagement in smiling using a cross-lagged auto-regressive model for dyadic data. We found that when an individual's partner (the signaler) tended to smile in a more responsive way, that individual (the receiver) was more likely to cooperate. Conversely, when a signaler tended to smile in a less responsive way, the receiver was less likely to cooperate. These effects were present over-and-above the effects of average levels of smiling and self-reported liking, which also predicted likelihood of cooperation. However, dynamically engaged smiling did not predict cooperation on the part of the signaler, suggesting that receivers weight the importance of engagement more highly than they should, or even that engaged smiling might be a manipulative display. These results illustrate how conversational dynamics can influence evolutionary signaling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically engaged smiling predicts cooperation above and beyond average smiling levels

Danvers

Shiota

2018

Evolution and Human Behavior

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“…We argue that the important cue is relative intensity: individual hosts are competing to produce the most intense colour and so avoid colonization. An analogy can be made with the handicapsignalling theory of stotting in gazelles, in which gazelles perform energetic stotting displays to dissuade cheetahs from giving chase (Fitzgibbon & Fanshaw 1988). While a cheetah may select a metaphorically`o¡-colour' gazelle, aphids may literally prefer o¡-colour trees.…”

Section: (D) Aphids Use Colour In Host Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autumn tree colours as a handicap signal

Hamilton

Brown

2001

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

265

309

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Many species of deciduous trees display striking colour changes in autumn. Here, we present a functional hypothesis: bright autumn coloration serves as an honest signal of defensive commitment against autumn colonizing insect pests. According to this hypothesis, individuals within a signalling species show variation in the expression of autumn coloration, with defensively committed trees producing a more intense display. Insects are expected to be averse to the brightest tree individuals and, hence, preferentially colonize the least defensive hosts. We predicted that tree species su¡ering greater insect damage would, on average, invest more in autumn-colour signalling than less troubled species. Here, we show that autumn coloration is stronger in species facing a high diversity of damaging specialist aphids. Aphids are likely to be an important group of signal receivers because they are choosy, damaging and use colour cues in host selection. In the light of further aspects of insect and tree biology, these results support the notion that bright autumn colours are expensive handicap signals revealing the defensive commitment of individual trees to autumn colonizing insect pests.

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“…The second and preferred type of evidence shows how animals display toward natural predators. Such observations are rare and so far are available only for fish (Godin & Davis 1995) and mammals (Caro 1986;FitzGibbon & Fanshawe 1988;Holley 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Signalling displays during predator–prey interactions in a Puerto Rican anole,Anolis cristatellus

1997

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Abstract. We examined conspicuous signalling displays in the context of predator-prey interactions. To determine in which context Puerto Rican crested anoles, Anolis cristatellus, perform conspicuous signals, we exposed wild lizards to a model of a natural snake predator. The lizards gave six behavioural responses to the model: immobility, predator inspection, flight, lateral face-off, dewlapping and push-ups. They displayed significantly more push-ups and push-up bouts in the presence of the snake model. Alternative theories regarding the function of conspicuous signals in A. cristatellus, the flash concealment and predator deterrent hypotheses, were also tested. The flash concealment hypothesis proposes that the sudden display exhibition of signalling behaviour followed by the flight of the animal may confuse the predator about the position of the prey, thus causing the predator to abort the attack. The pursuit deterrent hypothesis contends that because the chances of the predator successfully attacking its prey decrease when the prey is aware of the incoming predator, prey have evolved signalling behaviours that communicate to the predator that it has been detected, therefore discouraging the attack.

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Stotting in Thomson's gazelles: an honest signal of condition

Cited by 238 publications

References 13 publications

Dynamically engaged smiling predicts cooperation above and beyond average smiling levels

Dynamically engaged smiling predicts cooperation above and beyond average smiling levels

Autumn tree colours as a handicap signal

Signalling displays during predator–prey interactions in a Puerto Rican anole,Anolis cristatellus

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