Stormwater infiltration and the ‘urban karst’ – A review

Bonneau, Jérémie; Fletcher, Tim D.; Costelloe, Justin F.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.06.043

Cited by 134 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Such integration has helped to understand the functional influence of heterogeneity in catchment landscapes, the importance of hydrological connectivity between different landscape units and the mixing processes that regulate solute transport and control water ages, as well as generation of runoff responses (Jencso et al, 2010;Tetzlaff et al, 2014;Soulsby et al, 2015). Tracer-aided models that conceptualize the transport of tracers through karst systems via advection-dispersion, mixing, flow partitioning through different conduits, and exchange of tracers with the matrix have been widely used (Morales et al, 2010;Charlier et al, 2012;Mudarra et al, 2014;Dewaide et al, 2016). Using such models to simulate storage dynamics, transit times, and water ages can provide useful metrics to characterize the karst critical zone.…”

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confidence: 99%

Storage dynamics, hydrological connectivity and flux ages in a karst catchment: conceptual modelling using stable isotopes

Zhang

Chen

Cheng

et al. 2019

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. We developed a new tracer-aided hydrological model that disaggregates cockpit karst terrain into the two dominant landscape units of hillslopes and depressions (with fast and slow flow systems). The new model was calibrated by using high temporal resolution hydrometric and isotope data in the outflow of Chenqi catchment in Guizhou Province of south-western China. The model could track hourly water and isotope fluxes through each landscape unit and estimate the associated storage and water age dynamics. From the model results we inferred that the fast flow reservoir in the depression had the smallest water storage and the slow flow reservoir the largest, with the hillslope intermediate. The estimated mean ages of water draining the hillslope unit, and the fast and slow flow reservoirs during the study period, were 137, 326 and 493 days, respectively. Distinct seasonal variability in hydroclimatic conditions and associated water storage dynamics (captured by the model) were the main drivers of non-stationary hydrological connectivity between the hillslope and depression. During the dry season, slow flow in the depression contributes the largest proportion (78.4 %) of flow to the underground stream draining the catchment, resulting in weak hydrological connectivity between the hillslope and depression. During the wet period, with the resulting rapid increase in storage, the hillslope unit contributes the largest proportion (57.5 %) of flow to the underground stream due to the strong hydrological connectivity between the hillslope and depression. Meanwhile, the tracer-aided model can be used to identify the sources of uncertainty in the model results. Our analysis showed that the model uncertainty of the hydrological variables in the different units relies on their connectivity with the outlet when the calibration target uses only the outlet information. The model uncertainty was much lower for the “newer” water from the fast flow system in the depression and flow from the hillslope unit during the wet season and higher for “older” water from the slow flow system in the depression. This suggests that to constrain model parameters further, increased high-resolution hydrometric and tracer data on the internal dynamics of systems (e.g. groundwater responses during low flow periods) could be used in calibration.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage dynamics, hydrological connectivity and flux ages in a karst catchment: conceptual modelling using stable isotopes

Zhang

Chen

Cheng

et al. 2019

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…As urbanization progresses and the fraction of impervious cover increases, subterranean storm sewer systems are usually constructed to further reduce flooding hazards (Delleur, 2003;Leopold, 1968). Along with basements, tunnels and other underground infrastructure, these subterranean storm sewer systems can exchange water to or from the ambient subsurface (Bhaskar, Welty, Maxwell, & Miller, 2015;Bonneau, Fletcher, Costelloe, & Burns, 2017;Lerner, 2002), and thus serve as a secondary form of porosity in the shallow aquifers underlying cities, creating a complex induced permeability that has been described as "urban karst" (Kaushal & Belt, 2012;Sharp, Krothe, Mather, Gracia-Fresca, & Stewart, 2003).…”

Section: Pluvial Flooding In Contemporary Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pluvial flood risk and opportunities for resilience

et al. 2018

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The risk presented by pluvial flooding has emerged as a critical issue in urban water management. Pluvial flooding occurs when precipitation intensity exceeds the capacity of natural and engineered drainage systems, and it is expected to increase in frequency, severity and impact through the 21st century due to the combined effects of climate change and urbanization. Although there have been recent advances in approaches to assess the risk presented pluvial flooding and to enhance the resilience of cities to its impacts, they have not been broadly implemented and there are many opportunities for additional research. We provide case studies of pluvial flooding in six cities in the continental United States, which serve as examples of the current vulnerability of cities that have not developed comprehensive pluvial flood management plans and the challenges in conducting pluvial flood research in light of existing data gaps. We also identify key research challenges that should be prioritized by the interdisciplinary water research community to better support urban resilience practice. This article is categorized under: Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water Science of Water > Water Quality Engineering Water > Planning Water

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“…Due to the highly impermeable land surface in cities, the hydrological response in an urban environment is altered: (1) reducing initial rainfall losses [1], (2) generating more surface runoff [2] and (3) altering infiltration and low flow regimes [3]. To manage the increase in frequency and volume of surface runoff, hydraulically efficient (storm)water drainage networks were created.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Remote Sensing Based Metrics to Quantify the Hydrological Response in a City

Wirion

Bauwens

Verbeiren

2019

Water

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We propose a remote-sensing based metric approach to evaluate the hydrological response of highly urbanized areas and apply it to the city of Brussels. The model is set-up using 2 m resolution hyperspectral data. Next, it is upscaled to the city level, using multi-spectral Sentinel-2 data with 20 m resolution. We identify the total impervious area, the vegetation cover and the leaf area index as important metrics to derive a timeseries of spatially distributed net rainfall, runoff and infiltration from rainfall data. For the estimation of the actual evapotranspiration we use the potential evapotranspiration and the available water storage based on the interception, the depression storage and the infiltration. Additionally, we route the runoff to the outlet of selected sub-catchments. An important metric for the routing is the timing to the outlet which is approximated using the total impervious area and the hydrological distance to the outlet. We compare our approach to WetSpa model simulations and reach R 2 values of 98% for net rainfall, 95% for surface runoff, 99% for infiltration and 97% for cumulative evapotranspiration. The routing in the Watermaelbeek catchment is evaluated with discharge observations and reaches NSE values of 0.89 at a 2 m resolution and 0.88 at a 20 m resolution using an hourly timestep. At the timestep of 10 min and a 20 m resolution the NSE is reduced to 0.76. For the Roodebeek catchment we reach an NSE of 0.73 at a spatial resolution of 20 m and an hourly timestep. The results presented in this paper are optimistic for using spatial and temporal metrics retrieved from remote sensing data to quantify the water balance of urban catchments.

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Stormwater infiltration and the ‘urban karst’ – A review

Cited by 134 publications

References 100 publications

Storage dynamics, hydrological connectivity and flux ages in a karst catchment: conceptual modelling using stable isotopes

Storage dynamics, hydrological connectivity and flux ages in a karst catchment: conceptual modelling using stable isotopes

Pluvial flood risk and opportunities for resilience

Using Remote Sensing Based Metrics to Quantify the Hydrological Response in a City

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