Storm-induced precipitation variability control of long-term erosion

Gayer, Éric; Michon, Laurent; Louvat, Pascale; Gaillardet, Jérôme

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.04.003

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…After a lull of 90 kyrs, differentiated magmas led to the construction of PN3 (340-180 ka) and PN4 (140-29 ka; Salvany et al, 2012). The five eruptive periods were separated by lulls characterized by both weathering and destructive processes (Gayer et al, 2019). At Réunion Island, magnetic anomalies are mainly controlled by thermoremanent magnetization (Gailler & Lénat, 2012).…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, all volcanic products resulting from the same eruptive period form a volcanic unit comprising a stack of lava flows and pyroclastic interflows. Between two eruptive periods, superficial formations are exposed to weathering and erosion processes, which creates weathering profiles at the top of every volcanic unit (Gayer et al, 2019). These weathering profiles could consist of either weathered allochtone or eroded volcanic rocks, or a combination of the two.…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeophysical characterization in a volcanic context from local to regional scales combining airborne electromagnetism and magnetism

Dumont¹,

Reninger²,

Aunay³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeophysical characterization in a volcanic context from local to regional scales combining airborne electromagnetism and magnetism

Dumont¹,

Reninger²,

Aunay³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…As a matter of fact, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated in 2013 that more frequent and/or intense heavy rainfall events were to be expected as a result of climate change over most of the mid-latitude land masses and over wet tropical regions [1]. In the one hand, hurricanes and storms generate destructive floods and mass wasting in tropical regions [2], [3], [4], leading to environmental degradation [5], [6]. In the other hand, in the alpine region, permafrost degradation and subsequent mass wasting occurrence clearly exemplify that phenomenon [7].…”

Section: Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First we chose a region in the tropical environment of Reunion Island, in the Indian Ocean. The area of interest is groups the Remparts and Langevin rivers [2] that incised the flank of the Piton de la Fournaise volcano over the last 60 Ka [4], leading to a deep canyons between the remaining and stable parts of the volcano (called planezes). In these canyons, the difference in elevation between the planeze and the valley bottom ranges 1500 m to 90 m with valley slopes up to 60 degrees.…”

Section: A Geomoprhological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decennial geomorphic transport from archived time series digital elevation models: a cookbook for tropical and alpine environments

Lucas¹,

Gayer²

2021

Preprint

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<div> <div> <div> <p>On the seasonal time scale, for accessible locations and when manpower is available, direct observations and field survey are the most useful and standard approaches. However very limited studies have been conducted on direct observation at the decennial to century time-scale due to observational constrains. Here, we present an open and reproducible pipeline based on historical aerial images (up to 70 yrs time span) that includes sensor calibration, dense matching and elevation reconstruction over two areas of interest that represent pristine examples for tropical and alpine environments. The Remparts Canyon and Langevin River in Reunion Island, and the Bossons glacier in the French Alps share a limited accessibility (in time and space) that can be overcome only from remote-sensing. We reach a metric to sub-metric resolution close to the nominal images spatial sampling. This provides elevation time series with a better resolution to most recent satellite images such as Pleiades over decennial time period. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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“…To correct for erosion, we digitized ridge-line elevations on interfluvial surfaces and local topographic highs on radial ridge lines and the flat interior surfaces of the Kauai volcanic edifice ( Figure 2B) in a manner similar to Gayer et al (2019). This was achieved in ArcMap by displaying topographic contours, derived from a 1/3 arc-second USGS digital elevation model (DEM), over a hillshade base map.…”

Section: Erosion Corrections Kauaimentioning

confidence: 99%

The lateral and vertical growth of laterite weathering profiles, Hawaiian Islands, USA

Nelson

Barton

Burnett

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The Hawaiian Islands permit investigation of tropical chemical weathering rates and processes on a single rock type, basalt. Chronosequences are investigated as a function of rainfall due to the varying age of each island, including Kauai (~4 Ma), Oahu (~2 Ma), and Hawaii's Kohala Peninsula (~0.3 to 0.17 Ma). Understanding tropical critical zone (CZ) development is vital given the large populations in developing countries that rely on it. HVSR (horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio) seismic soundings on Kauai indicate that ~60% of the variability in laterite thickness is due to gradients in precipitation, with errors in erosion corrections and variability in the original permeability structure of the volcanic sequence playing important roles. Basalts have higher horizontal than vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kh > Kv), and local variability in KhKv likely drives much of the remaining differences in laterite thickness. HVSR is well suited for estimating laterite thickness as it has been shown to reliably detect the base of the weathering profile, is rapid (20 min/sounding), highly portable, and occupies a very small footprint. Comparison of Kauai and Oahu weathering profiles suggests that the Oahu laterites are fully or nearly fully formed, despite being half the age of Kauai. By contrast, the young laterites on Kohala (~170 to ~300 ka) exhibit greatly contrasting thicknesses, where coastal laterites are thick and interior laterites are thin, suggesting that early weathering on shield volcanoes produces wedge‐shaped laterites near the coast. With time, the thick (coastal) end of the wedge propagates upslope such that a fully developed, constant‐thickness laterite carapace can form in ~2 Ma or less. The development of thickened coastal laterites on young substrates depends on greater water–rock ratios as vertically infiltrating water upslope is diverted laterally. This view of laterite development is very different compared to endmember models of continental weathering and CZ development. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Storm-induced precipitation variability control of long-term erosion

Abstract: HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

Hydrogeophysical characterization in a volcanic context from local to regional scales combining airborne electromagnetism and magnetism

Hydrogeophysical characterization in a volcanic context from local to regional scales combining airborne electromagnetism and magnetism

Decennial geomorphic transport from archived time series digital elevation models: a cookbook for tropical and alpine environments

The lateral and vertical growth of laterite weathering profiles, Hawaiian Islands, USA

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