Storm-driven erosion and inundation of barrier islands from dune-to region-scales

Gharagozlou, Alireza; Dietrich, J. C.; Karancı, A. Nuray; Luettich, Richard A.; Overton, Margery F.

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103674

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Using a combination of the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN), XBeach, and ADvanced CIRCulation models, a recent investigation by Gharagozlou et al. (2020) accurately simulated offshore wave and water levels conditions, as well as changes in dune morphology during Hurricane Isabel in the same area as the present study. As an alternative to parametric models or hindcast wind fields, Clunies et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It is located ∼60 km from the nearest inlet (Oregon Inlet), and as a result of this distance and the shallow connection through Croatan sound to Pamlico Sound, water level fluctuations are primarily wind driven (Fine, 2008), and there is a minimal (0.1 m amplitude) contribution from astronomical tides (Caldwell, 2001; Moran et al., 2015). Overwash can occur along the Outer Banks barrier islands during very strong storm events, producing widespread flooding and significant damage (Conery et al., 2018; Gharagozlou et al., 2020). During storms without overwash, ocean waves, or ocean storm surges do not have a large effect on the conditions in CS (Long & Resio, 2007; Moran et al., 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thomas et al (2019) also found that results were improved when atmospheric model results were used for model forcing, in an investigation where ADCIRC was used to simulate Hurricane Matthew (2016) and investigate the nonlinear relationship between tides and wind-driven storm surge on coastal flooding. Using a combination of the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN), XBeach, and ADvanced CIRCulation models, a recent investigation by Gharagozlou et al (2020) accurately simulated offshore wave and water levels conditions, as well as changes in dune morphology during Hurricane Isabel in the same area as the present study. As an alternative to parametric models or hindcast wind fields, Clunies et al (2017) found that when simulating wind-driven water levels in a large estuary, model performance can be improved by applying uniform winds measured at a single site over the coastal ocean.…”

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confidence: 94%

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Impacts of Hurricane Winds and Precipitation on Hydrodynamics in a Back‐Barrier Estuary

2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 94%

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Impacts of Hurricane Winds and Precipitation on Hydrodynamics in a Back‐Barrier Estuary

2020

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“…This artificial limiter has been applied in many erosion and breaching studies (e.g. Gharagozlou et al 2020;Harley et al 2016;Muller et al 2016;Passeri et al 2018b) often showing moderate prediction accuracies as compared to experimental or insitu observation data. Other studies (e.g.…”

Section: Importance Of Accounting For Soil Properties In Modeling Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Spatial Variability of Soil Resistance in Alongshore Variability of Coastal Barriers Response to Superstorm Surges

Elsayed¹,

Goseberg²

2020

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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Sand dunes and other natural coastal barriers (e.g. barrier islands) represent important components of the defense system against consequences of storm surges. However, in many coastal systems, major storm surges represent important drivers of coastal erosion. Increased extreme events potentially result in accelerated coastal erosion, coastal barrier breaching, and coastal flooding. The response of a barrier to a storm surge is often determined by mutual interaction among the driving hydrodynamics, the subsequent morphodynamics, and the local geology, including spatial variations of subaqueous bathymetry and subaerial topography. However, the effect of alongshore variability of soil properties on the alongshore varying response is not yet considered. Therefore, this study examines soil parameters that may affect coastal erosion during major storm surges. Moreover, it applies a novel extension of the numerical model XBeach that accounts for spatial variation of soil properties to an artificial dune system of spatially varying soil permeability. Results showed that variability of soil permeability alongshore the dune results in alongshore varying resistance to erosion so that breaches may occur at the locations of less resistance that are corresponding to locations of higher soil permeability. Outcomes of the numerical simulations proved also that reduced soil permeability represents a nature-based solution that increases the resilience of natural defense systems during major storm surges by mitigating rates of coastal erosion.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/1ERwbW5BmYA

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“…This model, called XBeach-G, captured berm building and roll-over of gravel barriers. Gharagozlou et al [21] used the XBeach-G model to simulate overwash, erosion and breach of barrier islands during extreme storm conditions. Subsequently, Phillips et al [22] used the non-hydrostatic version of XBeachX [23] to study intertidal foreshore evolution and runup of gravel barriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravel Barrier Beach Morphodynamic Response to Extreme Conditions

Ions

Karunarathna

Reeve

et al. 2021

JMSE

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Gravel beaches and barriers form a valuable natural protection for many shorelines. The paper presents a numerical modelling study of gravel barrier beach response to storm wave conditions. The XBeach non-hydrostatic model was set up in 1D mode to investigate barrier volume change and overwash under a wide range of unimodal and bimodal storm conditions and barrier cross sections. The numerical model was validated against conditions at Hurst Castle Spit, UK. The validated model is used to simulate the response of a range of gravel barrier cross sections under a wide selection of statistically significant storm wave and water level scenarios thus simulating an ensemble of barrier volume change and overwash. This ensemble of results was used to develop a simple parametric model for estimating barrier volume change during a given storm and water level condition under unimodal storm conditions. Numerical simulations of barrier response to bimodal storm conditions, which are a common occurrence in many parts of the UK were also investigated. It was found that barrier volume change and overwash from bimodal storms will be higher than that from unimodal storms if the swell percentage in the bimodal spectrum is greater than 40%. The model is demonstrated as providing a useful tool for estimating barrier volume change, a commonly used measure used in gravel barrier beach management.

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Storm-driven erosion and inundation of barrier islands from dune-to region-scales

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Impacts of Hurricane Winds and Precipitation on Hydrodynamics in a Back‐Barrier Estuary

Impacts of Hurricane Winds and Precipitation on Hydrodynamics in a Back‐Barrier Estuary

Role of Spatial Variability of Soil Resistance in Alongshore Variability of Coastal Barriers Response to Superstorm Surges

Gravel Barrier Beach Morphodynamic Response to Extreme Conditions

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