Storage stability of petroleum-derived diesel fuel3. Identification of compounds involved in sediment formation

Pedley, Joanna F.; Hiley, Robin W.; Hancock, R. A.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(88)90381-x

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The number of reactive compounds is large and the chemical mechanism by which they are converted into insoluble products has not yet been established in spite of many years of investigations. Some authors 17 suggested that the sediment precursor compounds may be formed by the condensation of phenalenones with indoles. Others reported on significant molecular transformation during oxidation of base oils, resulting in the formation of naphtenes and alkyl benzenes with shorter chain length via polar intermediates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 At this point we can only speculate on possible mechanisms of degradation due to complexity of the system but degradation pathways may be similar to those mentioned above. 10,16,17 Additional experiments using other techniques are needed to gain further insight into this matter. However, the potential of NMR spectroscopy lies in the fact that it can give accurate data on percentage of different hydrocarbons present before and after oxidation and hence can further be exploited to become a standard method for determination of the oxidation stability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Use of 13C NMR Spectroscopy and Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography, GC×GC, for Identification of Compounds Involved in Diesel Fuel Oxidative Behavior

Vuković¹,

Telen²,

Srića³

et al. 2011

Croat. Chem. Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. An approach has been proposed combining one dimensional inverse gated 13 C NMR spectroscopy and a comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) to analyze diesel fuels prior and after oxidation under the standard conditions. Classes of hydrocarbons present before and after oxidation have been identified and quantified. A decrease in aromatic iso-and n-paraffinic hydrocarbons and an increase in the total saturated hydrocarbons have been observed after oxidation. In that respect NMR spectroscopy has potential to be used as standard method for determination of oxidation stability. Furthermore, GC×GC has been applied to identify compounds involved in the formation of sediments during oxidation. Obtained results have shown that hydrocarbon composition, especially the normal paraffin content play a role in the formation of sediments in these distillate fuels. This is important since sediments may influence the quality of diesel fuels. (doi: 10.5562/cca1874)

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of 13C NMR Spectroscopy and Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography, GC×GC, for Identification of Compounds Involved in Diesel Fuel Oxidative Behavior

Vuković¹,

Telen²,

Srića³

et al. 2011

Croat. Chem. Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The optical transmission through the fused silica windows had to be calibrated with a transparent fluid flowing though the optical cell during the calibration measurements, with the transparent fluid having a refractive index matching those of the diesel samples. This was in 25 order to calibrate the effect of the laser passing from the entrance fused silica window into the diesel sample, to be followed by the laser exiting the diesel, and entering the exit fused silica window.…”

Section: Calibration Of the Optical Extinction Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aged diesel samples would have been more susceptible to aromatic pyrolysis to form particles than the fresh commercial diesel samples, due to their reduced fuel stability as a result of long-term storage [25,26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation into the effect of hydrodynamic cavitation on diesel

Lockett

Jeshani

2013

International Journal of Engine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. The commercial diesel samples subjected to high pressure cavitation flow and water bath heating revealed a response to the flow and temperature history that was identified by an increase in the optical extinction coefficients of the cavitated and heated samples. The contribution of cavitation flow and temperature to the variation in spectral extinction coefficient was identified. It was concluded that the increases observed in the spectral extinction coefficients of the cavitated commercial diesels were caused by the cavitation affecting the aromatics in the commercial diesel samples. Permanent repository link

show abstract

“…Although it was not detected in the No. 2 fuel oil consumed in the oil burner study, phenalenone may form as an oxidation product in thermally or catalytically cracked middle distillate fuels (such as diesel fuel or number 2 fuel oil) during storage under ambient conditions (Pedley et al, 1988;Marshman, 1990). Because concentrations of up to 100 mg phenalenone/liter were reported in these fuels (Marshman, 1990), there is the possibility that emissions of unburned fuel from engines and combustors may be significant contributors to the presence of phenalenone in the atmosphere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and Human Cell Mutagenicity and Mouse Lung Tumorigenicity of the Oxygenated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Phenalenone

WANG

Busby

1996

Toxicol Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phenalenone (perinaphthenone) is a major oxygenated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (oxy-PAH) atmospheric pollutant formed from the combustion of fossil fuels. Mutagenicity of phenalenone was measured in quantitative forward mutation assays with Salmonella typhimurium TM677 and metabolically competent human B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (MCL-S and hlAlv2 cells), and its tumorigenicity was also assessed in a newborn mouse assay. Phenalenone was mutagenic in Salmonella in the presence of rat liver postmitochondrial supernatant (PMS) at a minimum detectable mutagen concentration (MDMC) of 12 /jg/ml, but was not mutagenic in the absence of PMS at concentrations up to 100 /ig/ ml. Phenalenone was not significantly mutagenic in either human cell line after 28 hr treatment, although mutant fractions were increased by nearly fivefold in hlAlv2 cells (at the tk locus) exposed at 30 ^g/ml. However, after 72 hr treatment, phenalenone was mutagenic at the hprt locus in hlAlv2 cells with an MDMC of 3 /jg/mL Phenalenone was also tumorigenic in male BLU:Ha mice with a lung tumor incidence of 33% 6 months after injection with 4.2 mg phenalenone, the highest dose tested. Lung tumor multiplicity in this treatment group was 0.5 tumor/mouse. No increase in lung tumors in female mice was observed. Indices of lung tumor incidence (ED W ) and multiplicity (TMi.o) for male mice were 29.3 and 34.9 /xmol, respectively. These data suggest that phenalenone does not contribute significantly to the mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of combustion emission extracts, c 19% Society of ToxicologyPhenalenone, known also as phenaJen-1 -one and perinaphthenone, is a tricyclic aromatic ketone (Fig. 1) widely distributed in the environment as a pollutant from the combustion of fuels. It has been detected in extracts of urban air particles from Norway (Ramdahl, 1983), Spain (Aceves and Grimalt, 1992), Sweden (Strandell et al, 1994), and the United States, where the average ambient concentration at a single site over a 3-day period was 7.7 jxg/1000 m 3 (Stanley etal., 1969).Phenalenone was the major identified oxy-PAH 3 in the particle extract of emissions from light-duty diesel engines (Lies et al, 1986;Strandell et al, 1994) and from noncatalyst gasoline engines operated under a standard test-driving procedure (Alsberg et al, 1985;Strandell et al, 1994). Phenalenone emissions for both types of engines were approximately 15 jig/km. Phenalenone also was reported as a major polar component of particle extracts from a coal-fired fluidized bed combustor (Chiu et al, 1983), from a domestic natural gas-fired water heater and a space heater (Rogge et al, 1993), and from a residential oil burner (Leary et al, 1983(Leary et al, , 1987. Although it was not detected in the No. 2 fuel oil consumed in the oil burner study, phenalenone may form as an oxidation product in thermally or catalytically cracked middle distillate fuels (such as diesel fuel or number 2 fuel oil) during storage under ambient conditions (Pedley et al., 1988;Marshman, 1990). Because concentratio...

show abstract

Storage stability of petroleum-derived diesel fuel3. Identification of compounds involved in sediment formation

Cited by 46 publications

References 9 publications

The Use of 13C NMR Spectroscopy and Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography, GC×GC, for Identification of Compounds Involved in Diesel Fuel Oxidative Behavior

The Use of 13C NMR Spectroscopy and Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography, GC×GC, for Identification of Compounds Involved in Diesel Fuel Oxidative Behavior

An experimental investigation into the effect of hydrodynamic cavitation on diesel

Bacterial and Human Cell Mutagenicity and Mouse Lung Tumorigenicity of the Oxygenated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Phenalenone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About