Storage of platelet concentrates after high‐dose ultraviolet B irradiation

Abstract

Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation of platelet concentrates (PCs) may prevent the development of posttransfusion HLA alloimmunization. As irradiation performed in a blood center or a hospital will probably be associated with a variable postirradiation delay before transfusion, the ability to store PCs after UVB irradiation becomes important. The effects have been studied of a UVB dose of 10,000 mJ per cm2, the dose used in our institution for UVB clinical trials, on PCs pooled and stored for up to 96 hours after irradiation. Results showed that after 96 hours of storage, though there were no changes in pH, platelet count, white cell count, percent discharge of lactate dehydrogenase, or beta-thromboglobulin, there were significant decreases in morphology score and osmotic recovery. These changes, however, were not evident after 24 hours of storage. Similarly, there was a 60-percent decrease in immunoreactive membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib after 96 hours of storage, but these changes were not seen after 48 hours of storage. No changes were seen in levels of GPIIb/IIIa in either group during the 96 hours of storage. On computer-analyzed two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, PCs irradiated at 10,000 mJ per cm2 and stored for 72 hours had changes in over 50 platelet proteins as compared to those proteins in nonirradiated age-matched control PCs. It can be concluded that UVB irradiation of PCs at 10,000 mJ per cm2 does not lead to significant platelet deterioration after short-term storage (24-48 hours) but is likely to be deleterious after long-term (72-96 hours) storage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Exposure to Solar Simulated Ultraviolet Radiation Affects Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers in Skin, Liver and Blood of Hairless Mice

“…No changes in PLT count were observed in the concentrate even after treatment with a very high UVB dose of 10000 mJ/cm 2 . 29) The decrease in PLT number that we observed seems to be related to a process occurring after UV exposure in vivo. Several publications have suggested that PLT activity (e.g.…”

“…23) We further found some data on the effect of ionizing X-rays on blood cell parameters but the results of these studies are contrary; some authors observed a decrease 24,25) in PLT count and others an increase. 26,27) In vitro treatment of human PLT concentrates (used for transfusion) with psoralens plus UVA light 28) or UVB 29) alone has been tested to decontaminate the concentrate. No changes in PLT count were observed in the concentrate even after treatment with a very high UVB dose of 10000 mJ/cm 2 .…”

Platelet glycolytic flux increases stimulated by ultraviolet‐induced stress is not the direct cause of platelet morphology and activation changes: possible implications for the role of glucose in platelet storage

“…In this study, consistent with prior observations, we found that UV treatment caused apheresis PCs to experience an increase in glycolytic flux, accelerated changes in PLT morphology, enhanced PLT activation, and induced partial PLT aggregation (approx. 20%) 16 . In addition, increased glycolysis due to UV stimulation was associated with increased ATP levels in treated products.…”

“…The purpose of this study was to determine whether glycolysis is a primary cause for PLT activation and PLT morphology change during PLT storage lesion development. It has been well established by prior authors that ultraviolet (UV) stress increases PLT activation and alters metabolism in a storage time‐dependent manner 16 . We examined the levels of P‐selectin expression as a marker of PLT activation, HSR, ESC, and swirl as morphology markers and ATP content.…”

Comparison of Platelet Activation and Membrane Glycoprotein lb and IIb-IIIa Expression after Filtration through Three Different Leukocyte Removal Filters

“…It is of interest to note that UV-B irradiation at 10,000 mJ/cm2, an experimental technique under investiga tion for the prevention of platelet alloimmunization in re cipients, was associated with a significantly higher decrease in lb after 96 h of postirradiation platelet storage than that of nonirradiated controls [24]. Since bedside filtration does not imply platelet storage, this technique seems potentially advantagous for the protection of lb compared to UV-B irradiation, which would likely be associated with some delay between irradiation and transfusion in the clinical setting.…”