Storage and Pre-Neutron Activation Analysis Treatment for Trace Element Analysis in Urine

Abstract

The problems regarding storage and pre-neutron activation analysis treatment for the elements aluminrun. calcium, vanadium, selenium, copper, iodine, zinc, manganese, and magnesium in a urine matrix are reviewed. The type of collection and storage procedure and pre-neutron activation analysis treatment of urine depend on the specific trace element; that is, its inherent physical and chemical properties. Specifically polyethylene in teflon containers are the most suitable for general determinations. Whether any preservative is added would depend upon the stability of the trace element and its tendency for surface adsorption. Preferably preservatives should contain no radioactivatable elements for maximum efficacy. Freeze drying or packing urine shipments under dry ice needs to be explored on an individual basis. Each pre-or post-neutron activation analysis treatment is specific and optimized for the trace element analyzed.

Simultaneous determination of selenite and trimethylselenonium ions in urine by anion exchange chromatography and molecular neutron activation analysis

“…Pretreatment of Urine Samples. In order to preserve the urine, it was treated with 0.5% by volume of the 37% formaldehyde solution upon receipt of the sample from the donor (20).…”

Analysis of Selenium in Body Fluids: A Review

“…In sharp contrast to most elements2 the sampling, storage, and preparation steps in the determination of Se in urine are essentially free from contamination problems. 44 The determination of elements such as Se, in the micrograms per milliliter (jug mL-1) or micrograms per gram (jug g-1) range can be performed in an ordinary analytical or clinical laboratory. 45 Comelis et al 46 emphasized the importance of the method of sampling and storage of urine.…”

“…Usually precleaned polyethylene, polypropylene, or teflon containers are used to prevent contamination or adsorption losses. 44 These containers must be washed thoroughly with detergent and H2O2, soaked overnight in diluted nitric or sulfuric acid, and rinsed several times with Milli-Q water. Two hours after sampling no Se losses could be found.…”