Stopped-flow apparatus for the study of fast reactions in solution under high pressure.

Abstract

A stopped flow apparatus is described to study fast reactions in solution up to 1.2 kbar. The reaction course is followed optically. The apparatus is capable of measuring reactions with a half life of 20 ms.

Pressure-induced effects on cytochrome oxidase: the aerobic steady state

“…The stopped-flow experiments under pressure were performed on an apparatus previously described (Heremans et al, 1980(Heremans et al, , 1982. The design of this apparatus is such that it uses Plexiglass windows with pressure seals; it cannot be operated above 1.5 kbar (1 bar = 0.1 MPA).…”

High pressure in organic chemistry on the way to miniaturization

“…The first instrument of this kind has been developed by Heremans and Rijkenberg for pressures up to 12 kbar. 50 More recently, Ishihara et al 51,52 designed a high pressure stopped flow apparatus with spectrophotometric detection for the study of organic reactions in the millisecond range. White et al 53 applied the same concept for biological purposes (photoactivated biological processes and photosynthesis) using FTIR spectroscopy.…”

“…The three-component Strecker synthesis of a-aminonitriles (52), starting from ketones (49), aromatic amines (50), and trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) (51), has been studied at high pressures (up to 6 kbar) in the absence of a catalyst. In this particular reaction, pressure replaces the catalyst.…”

Effects of pressure and temperature on the reactions of horseradish peroxidase with hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen peroxide

“…The purity number (ratio of absorbances at 403 and 280 nm) was 3.22. Enzyme solution concentrations were measured at Apparatus and Methods All high-pressure kinetic experiments were performed at 25.0 ± 0.20C on a stopped flow apparatus specifically designed for this purpose (Heremans et al, 1980). The reaction of the ferric enzyme with cyanide was monitored at 420 nm whereas compound I formation was followed at 403 nm.…”