Stool Microbiota Diversity Analysis of Blastocystis-Positive and Blastocystis-Negative Individuals

Stensvold, Christen Rune; Sørland, Brede Aksdal; Berg, Rebecca P. K. D.; Andersen, Lee O’Brien; Giezen, Mark van der; Bowtell, Joanna L.; El-Badry, Ayman A.; Belkessa, Salem; Kurt, Özgür; Nielsen, Henrik Vedel

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10020326

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…A reduction in intestinal microbiota diversity has been observed in a series of digestive diseases, such as IBD and IBS, that are associated with inflammation of the lower gastrointestinal tract [29,30]. Most of the studies conducted to date have shown that Blastocystis colonization is associated with a higher bacterial diversity of gut microbial communities [25][26][27]. However, in contrast, in the present study we found that the presence of Blastocystis ST7 was associated with a lower bacterial diversity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…Several studies have investigated the associations between Blastocystis colonization and diversity of the gut bacterial microbiota [7,10,[24][25][26][27]. Microbial diversity is considered to be a potential biomarker of a healthy gut, and higher diversity means stability and resilience of the gut ecosystem [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a dearth of information on Blastocystis ST7 and the gut microbiome of humans because ST7 is a relatively rare subtype in humans, and most microbiome studies are based on healthy individuals, while ST7 is usually reported in symptomatic individuals [14,31]. Previous studies also showed that carriers of Blastocystis had a higher abundance of Firmicutes and a lower abundance of Proteobacteria, compared to Blastocystis-free individuals [27,32]. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria has a low abundance in the gut of healthy humans, and the expansion of Proteobacteria is usually associated with a compromised ability to maintain a balanced gut microbial community which, in turn, is a potential diagnostic signature of dysbiosis and risk of disease [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection with pathogenic Blastocystis ST7 is associated with decreased bacterial diversity and altered gut microbiome profiles in diarrheal patients

2022

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Background Blastocystis is a common protistan parasite inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. While there are increasing reports characterizing the associations between Blastocystis and the gut microbiome in healthy individuals, only a few studies have investigated the relationships between Blastocystis and the gut microbiota in diarrheal patients. Methods The effects of a specific subtype (ST7) of Blastocystis on the composition of gut microbiota in diarrheal patients were investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. Results Compared with diarrheal patients without Blastocystis, diarrheal patients infected with Blastocystis ST7 exhibited lower bacterial diversity. Beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences in bacterial community structure between ST7-infected and Blastocystis-free patients. The proportion of Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia-Shigella were significantly enriched in ST7-infected patients. In contrast, the abundance of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides were more prevalent in Blastocystis-free patients. Conclusions The results of this study revealed, for the first time, that infection with Blastocystis ST7 is associated with lower bacterial diversity and altered microbial structure in diarrheal patients. Our study on clinical diarrheal patients is also the first to reinforce the notion that ST7 is a pathogenic subtype of Blastocystis. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection with pathogenic Blastocystis ST7 is associated with decreased bacterial diversity and altered gut microbiome profiles in diarrheal patients

2022

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“…Accordingly, the presence of Blastocystis sp. was associated with enriched Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and the genera Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Flavonifractor, Clostridium, Succinivibrio , and Oscillibacter , whereas Proteobacteria and the genera Escherichia, Bacteroides, Klebsiella , and Pseudomonas were enriched in Blastocystis sp.-negative group ( 105 ).…”

Section: The Correlation Between Blastocystis Sp A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Shifting in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Mysterious Role of Blastocystis sp.

et al. 2022

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder, which its causative agent is not completely clear; however, the interaction between microorganisms and gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cells plays a critical role in the development of IBS and presenting symptoms. During recent decades, many studies have highlighted the high prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in patients with IBS and suggested a probable role for this protist in this disease. Recent studies have documented changes in the gut microbiota composition in patients with IBS regarding the presence of Blastocystis sp., but it is not clear that either disturbance of the gut during GI disorders is a favorable condition for Blastocystis sp. colonization or the presence of this protist may lead to alteration in the gut microbiota in IBS patients. In this review, we comprehensively gather and discuss scientific findings covering the role of Blastocystis sp. in IBS via gut microbiota shifting.

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“…blastocystosis is a unicellular parasitic protozoon, which has been detected globally, with up to 100% prevalence 18 . It inhabits the large intestine of humans and animals and is sometimes present in intestinal microbiomes with eubiosis 19 . Blastocystosis, human infection by blastocystosis , has various outcomes: it can be asymptomatic in infected patients, can produce diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms, or have an opportunistic character and cause infection in immunocompromised patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-blastocystosis activity of antioxidant coated ZIF-8 combined with mesoporous silicas MCM-41 and KIT-6

Jermy

Aljindan

Ravinayagam

et al. 2022

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The biocompatible hybrid Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)/structured silica nanocomposite can be loaded with antioxidants such as curcumin and resveratrol to offer multiple advantages of drug functionalization and structural stability. blastocystosis, an enteric parasite, has various outcomes and its treatment includes drugs which have side effects and do not result in a full cure. We aimed to design novel biocompatible nanocomposites containing natural antioxidant, resveratrol or curcumin and ZIF-8/mesoporous silica. We also assessed their anti-blastocystosis activities as bioactive novel nanocomposites. The nano-silica (MCM-41 and KIT-6) was synthesized using a hydrothermal technique and made composite with ZIF-8 using an ultrasonic technique. The antioxidants, curcumin and resveratrol, were loaded over ZIF-8/MCM-41 and ZIF-8/KIT-6 using a rotary evaporator technique to form novel nanocomposites with bioactive properties. The formulated nanocomposites were characterized. To test their biological activity, suspension of cultured blastocystosis cysts (subtype 3) were exposed to increasing concentrations of nanocomposites and the minimal lethal concentration of each nanocomposite was calculated. The bioactive nanocomposites (ZIF-8/KIT-6, ZIF-8/KIT-6/Resveratrol and ZIF-8/MCM-41/Curcumin) were formulated. Anti-blastocystosis activity of the tested nanocomposites was both dose and time dependent. ZIF-8/KIT-6/Resveratol showed the maximum percentage of growth inhibition (~ 100%) at a concentration of 500 µg/ml after 5 h of exposure. More than 90% of blastocystosis cysts’ growth was significantly inhibited at all concentrations of ZIF-8/MCM-41/Curcumin, with different times of exposure, while it occurred only at the highest concentration of ZIF-8/KIT-6 (800 µg/ml). Using cheap, simple, reproducible and scalable techniques, we nano-formulated innovative bioactive nanocomposites, by incorporating the bioactive ZIF-8 (Zn2+ with imidazole), structured mesosilica and natural antioxidant compounds, curcumin or resveratrol, to generate multifunctional modalities. These eco-friendly, naturally based, safe, economical, biocompatible, and bioavailable nanocomposites are potential nanotherapeutics. The anti-blastocystosis results of these three nanocomposites indicate their potentially promising innovative and safe use as alternative Blastocystosis therapies.

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Stool Microbiota Diversity Analysis of Blastocystis-Positive and Blastocystis-Negative Individuals

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Infection with pathogenic Blastocystis ST7 is associated with decreased bacterial diversity and altered gut microbiome profiles in diarrheal patients

Infection with pathogenic Blastocystis ST7 is associated with decreased bacterial diversity and altered gut microbiome profiles in diarrheal patients

Gut Microbiota Shifting in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Mysterious Role of Blastocystis sp.

Anti-blastocystosis activity of antioxidant coated ZIF-8 combined with mesoporous silicas MCM-41 and KIT-6

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