Stonehenge's Avenue and ‘Bluestonehenge’

Allen, Michael J.; Chan, Ben; Cleal, Ros; French, Charles; Marshall, P.; Pollard, Joshua; Pullen, R; Richards, Colin; Ruggles, Clive; Robinson, David; Rylatt, Jim; Thomas, Julian; Welham, Kate; Pearson, Mike Parker

doi:10.15184/aqy.2016.98

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Dates for the circle's construction were not obtained but antlers in the voids created when the circle was dismantled place it before 2469-2286 and 2460-2270 cal BC. Two chisel arrowheads from packing deposits, one each in Stone-holes A and K (Allen et al 2016), suggest a significantly earlier date for the circle's use. These arrowheads characterised the Middle Neolithic and persisted into the Late Neolithic at Bulford (Wessex Archaeology 2019) where dates of around 2950 cal BC were obtained.…”

Section: Bob Davis Et Al Rti Investigation Of Engraved Chalk Plaquesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Investigation of Engraved Chalk Plaques from the Stonehenge Region

Davis¹,

Harding²,

Leivers³

2021

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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Newly discovered and previously documented Late Neolithic chalk plaques from the Stonehenge locality have been subjected to new, non-invasive techniques which allow access to previously unseen elements of archaeological evidence. The application of these methods – involving Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) and Polynomial Texture Mapping (PTM) – has revealed detail of the surface preparation and allowed methods and sequence of the compositions to be unpicked, clarifying their complexities. The results reveal a range of approaches to the compositions, some of which demonstrate planning, order, and intention while others include less systematic, rapidly executed sketches. Investigations of lines and surfaces have been made, supplemented by preliminary studies of replicated test pieces, to examine potential implements used in their creation and remark on plaque biographies and surface attrition following manufacture. Furthermore, detail revealed by RTI provides indications of the orientations in which some of the plaques should be viewed and – in one instance – suggests a ‘reflected’ element that may not be entirely abstract. Results from improved radiocarbon determinations place the plaques in the early part of the 3rd millennium bc which, together with identification of individual motifs, allows the plaques and the designs to be reconsidered within the corpus of Neolithic art in the British Isles.

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Section: Bob Davis Et Al Rti Investigation Of Engraved Chalk Plaquesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Investigation of Engraved Chalk Plaques from the Stonehenge Region

Davis¹,

Harding²,

Leivers³

2021

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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“…The often-noted claim that there is nothing to distinguish that particular patch of downland from any other, and that it carries no particular topographic qualities (see, for instance, for a discussion of views into and out of the circle) now needs revision, given the Stonehenge Riverside Project's discovery of geomorphological features underlying the Avenue (Allen et al 2016), and while these low chalk ridges and periglacial stripes may have influenced Stonehenge's situation, they need not have determined it, especially given that the orientation of the first Stonehenge on the summer solstice is an approximate aspect rather than an exact orientation (if it even exists at all: Ruggles 1997). The GPR plot in Field et al 2014 (9, fig.…”

Section: Why Stonehenge Is Where It Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Army Basing Programme, Stonehenge and the Emergence of the Sacred Landscape of Wessex

Leivers¹

2021

Internet Archaeol.

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Recent excavations for the Army Basing Programme on the periphery of the Stonehenge World Heritage Site have revealed extensive evidence of Early, Middle and Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age activity, including a causewayed enclosure, burials, occupation, pit groups, henges, post alignments and circles. Several of these either incorporate or refer to features of the landscape such as solution hollows, dry valleys, hilltops and rivers, as well as to astronomical phenomena. An appraisal of this evidence alongside other recent programmes of research around Stonehenge suggest an accreting pattern of development of this landscape that begins in the 38th century BC, and which throws new light on the location and meaning of several of the ceremonial earthworks, including Stonehenge itself.

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“…Indeed, some are arrayed in lines, probably situated on pathways that cross‐cut the Stonehenge landscape (Garwood, ). Only the physical constraints and more overt spatial separation of landscape zones brought about by the construction of the Avenue approach, probably in the twenty‐fourth century bc (Allen et al, , 1005; cf. Darvill, Marshall, Parker Pearson, & Wainwright, , 1035), appears to have pushed away other practices.…”

Section: Techniques Used During the Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Projmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only the physical constraints and more overt spatial separation of landscape zones brought about by the construction of the Avenue approach, probably in the twenty-fourth century BC (Allen et al, 2016(Allen et al, , 1005cf. Darvill, Marshall, Parker Pearson, & Wainwright, 2012, 1035, appears to have pushed away other practices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Durrington walls and the Stonehenge Hidden Landscape Project 2010–2016

Gaffney

Neubauer

Garwood

et al. 2018

Archaeological Prospection

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Since 2010 the Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project (SHLP) has undertaken extensive archaeological prospection across much of the landscape surrounding Stonehenge. These remote sensing and geophysical surveys have revealed a significant number of new sites and landscape features whilst providing new information on many previously known monuments. The project goal to integrate multimethod mapping over large areas of the landscape has also provided opportunities to re‐interpret the landscape context of individual monuments and, in the case of the major henge at Durrington Walls, to generate novel insights into the structure and sequence of a monument which has attracted considerable research attention over many decades. This article outlines the recent work of the SHLP and the results of the survey at Durrington Walls that shed new light on this enigmatic monument including a site ‘hidden’ within the monument.

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Stonehenge's Avenue and ‘Bluestonehenge’

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Investigation of Engraved Chalk Plaques from the Stonehenge Region

Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Investigation of Engraved Chalk Plaques from the Stonehenge Region

The Army Basing Programme, Stonehenge and the Emergence of the Sacred Landscape of Wessex

Durrington walls and the Stonehenge Hidden Landscape Project 2010–2016

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