Stone sustainable protection and preservation using a zein-based hydrophobic coating

Zucchelli, Margherita; Mazzon, Giulia; Bertolacci, Laura; Carzino, Riccardo; Zendri, Elisabetta; Athanassiou, Athanassia

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106434

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…This method has previously been used on a commercial scale to produce acetone from calcium acetate. The magnesium furoate salt was treated in the same way, and it was previously unknown whether magnesium furoate would decompose to form the self-ketonization product di-2-furylmethanone. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citric Acid Recovery and Methanol Production from a Waste Food Fruit Sample by Thermal Decomposition of a Reusable Zinc Citrate Complex

Daniel¹,

Baskar²,

Manivasagam³

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Citric acid (CA) is an important organic acid that is produced on a large scale by the fermentation process. The CA recovery in fermentation technology requires a large amount of CaSO4 as waste and involves a multi-step complex process. Similarly, the production of methanol by the conventional route requires harsh reaction conditions. Therefore, in the present investigation, zinc metal was extracted as zinc oxide from the used alkaline battery material and subsequently employed for CA recovery and methanol production in a more economical way. The phase formation and surface area of the metal oxides (Fe2O3, MnO2, TiO2, and ZnO) were confirmed by the X-ray diffraction and sorption analysis. In the series of materials used in this study, the ZnO exclusively reacted with CA in the waste fruit sample to produce the zinc citrate complex. The maximum uptake of CA was found to be 68% (933.3 mg/g) on ZnO material after 10 min of contact time, which is much higher uptake in the series of the studied materials. Furthermore, the upgrading strategy was developed to produce methanol by the dry distillation method from the recovered zinc citrate complex. The decomposed gaseous products (CH3OH, CO2, and ethylene) were confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis–mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) probe analysis. At first, a loss in mass of about 23% was seen between 100 and 300 °C on the zinc citrate complex’s surface owing to the dehydration reaction of CA-containing hydroxyl groups. The decarboxylation process of the citrate molecule resulted in the second mass loss. During the decarboxylation reaction, the three-carboxylate anion readily breaks down into zinc oxide and CO2 at higher temperatures, as seen by the significant amount of CO2 production. Based on the TGA-MS analysis, we strongly suggest that the ketonization reaction does not occur between the ketones. The proposed green technology enables the use and recycling of electronic and food waste into value-added raw materials for the production of fine chemicals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citric Acid Recovery and Methanol Production from a Waste Food Fruit Sample by Thermal Decomposition of a Reusable Zinc Citrate Complex

Daniel¹,

Baskar²,

Manivasagam³

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…As the drying process progresses, the solvent completely evaporates from the inside of the droplets as well. Atmospheric pressure placed on the partially solidified zein particles and the force of the droplets colliding with the stone surface cause the droplets to collapse on top of each other, creating the hydrophobic coating [ 65 ].…”

Section: Functional Protective Sustainable Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Secondary-Raw Materials, Natural Substances and Eco-Friendly Nanomaterial-Based Approaches for Improved Surface Performances: An Overview of What They Are and How They Work

Sfameni

Rando

Plutino

2023

IJMS

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To meet modern society’s requirements for sustainability and environmental protection, innovative and smart surface coatings are continually being developed to improve or impart surface functional qualities and protective features. These needs regard numerous different sectors, such as cultural heritage, building, naval, automotive, environmental remediation and textiles. In this regard, researchers and nanotechnology are therefore mostly devoted to the development of new and smart nanostructured finishings and coatings featuring different implemented properties, such as anti-vegetative or antibacterial, hydrophobic, anti-stain, fire retardant, controlled release of drugs, detection of molecules and mechanical resistance. A variety of chemical synthesis techniques are usually employed to obtain novel nanostructured materials based on the use of an appropriate polymeric matrix in combination with either functional doping molecules or blended polymers, as well as multicomponent functional precursors and nanofillers. Further efforts are being made, as described in this review, to carry out green and eco-friendly synthetic protocols, such as sol–gel synthesis, starting from bio-based, natural or waste substances, in order to produce more sustainable (multi)functional hybrid or nanocomposite coatings, with a focus on their life cycle in accordance with the circular economy principles.

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“…22,23 Composite materials can highlight the advantages of a single material, overcome the existing defects, and obtain comprehensive properties that meet the needs. 24,25 Currently, acrylate resin with good film-forming and mechanical properties as well as good surface appearance is widely used in stone cultural relic protection materials. Fluorinated polymers have excellent performances such as water repellency, chemical stability, and low surface energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the recent years, composite materials such as silicone acrylic resin, organic fluorine acrylic resin, epoxy acrylic resin, and epoxy silicone resin for the protection of stone cultural relics have developed rapidly 22,23 . Composite materials can highlight the advantages of a single material, overcome the existing defects, and obtain comprehensive properties that meet the needs 24,25 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano‐silica/fluorinated polyacrylate composites as surface protective coatings for simulated stone cultural relic protection

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Stone cultural relics are widely distributed globally and have significant historical and cultural significance and research value. However, most of them have suffered severe weathering and erosion due to the physical and chemical effects of different climatic conditions. Herein, a series of nano-silica/ fluorinated polyacrylate composites as surface protective coatings to protect simulated stone cultural relics were prepared with dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA), acrylates, and different contents of nano-silica. The storage stability, mechanical stability, coagulum rate, and surface tension of the composite coatings were measured. The UV absorption, chemical structure, surface morphology, and thermal properties of composite films were characterized. When the nano-silica content was 6 wt%, the optimal nano-silica/ fluorinated polyacrylate (Si-F-3) composite with excellent comprehensive properties was applied in the protection of simulated stone cultural relics. Compared with the uncoated original stone samples, the simulated stone cultural relics treated with Si-F-3 composite not only had freeze-thaw resistance but also could slow down sulfate erosion and freeze-thaw coupling cycle (SEFTCC) test damage. To conclude, the nano-silica/fluorinated polyacrylate composites could be a desirable solution for protecting stone cultural relics.

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Stone sustainable protection and preservation using a zein-based hydrophobic coating

Cited by 9 publications

References 76 publications

Citric Acid Recovery and Methanol Production from a Waste Food Fruit Sample by Thermal Decomposition of a Reusable Zinc Citrate Complex

Citric Acid Recovery and Methanol Production from a Waste Food Fruit Sample by Thermal Decomposition of a Reusable Zinc Citrate Complex

Sustainable Secondary-Raw Materials, Natural Substances and Eco-Friendly Nanomaterial-Based Approaches for Improved Surface Performances: An Overview of What They Are and How They Work

Nano‐silica/fluorinated polyacrylate composites as surface protective coatings for simulated stone cultural relic protection

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