Stomatal characteristics of <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> clonal hybrids in response to water stress

Eksteen, A.; Grzeskowiak, V; Jones, N.B.; Pammenter, N. W.

doi:10.2989/20702620.2013.804310

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is important to note that guard cell length and pore length were the primary drivers of this relationship, as other parameters were calculated using this trait. Small stomata have long been associated with dry environments (Larcher, ; Hetherington and Woodward, ; Bacelar et al., ), although some studies have found evidence to the contrary (Drake et al., ), or simply that water stress has no bearing on stomatal size (Eksteen et al., ). Smaller stomata are thought to be able to respond faster to transient changes in vapor pressure deficit and other environmental stimuli (Hetherington and Woodward, ; Drake et al., ; Raven, ; Lawson and Vialet‐Chabrand, ), which is an advantageous feature for stomata in the driest regions of the climate gradient that need to fine tune stomatal control to avoid excessive water loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dry season onQuercus suberL. leaf traits in the Iberian Peninsula

Prats

Brodersen

Ashton

2019

American J of Botany

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Premise Water deficit and drought conditions are increasing in intensity, frequency, and duration in the Iberian Peninsula. We observed natural variation in leaf traits across the range of Quercus suber L. (cork oak), an ecologically important species within this region. Stomatal traits (e.g., pore length, maximum aperture) and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) provide an opportunity to examine the integrative effects of drought and dry‐season intensity on leaf development, maximum stomatal conductance, and adaptation to precipitation regimes. Methods Gross leaf traits (e.g., area, thickness), stomatal traits (e.g., pore length, size, aperture), and carbon isotope discrimination were measured in Q. suber leaves, and maximum stomatal conductance to water vapor (gwmax) was calculated. Trees were sampled from nine natural populations across a climate gradient in the Iberian Peninsula, including trees from two genetic lineages. Linear mixed models compared total water deficit to leaf traits, accounting for tree and site as random effects. Results Quercus suber gross leaf morphology remained consistent across the climate gradient, but increasing water deficit was correlated with smaller stomata at the leaf level and low δ13C at the tree level. No traits were significantly different between the two genetic lineages. Conclusions While there were no significant differences in gross leaf morphology across the climate gradient or between the genetic lineages, stomatal traits and δ13C responded to climate, suggesting that Q. suber can inhabit a range of environments in the Iberian Peninsula via micro‐adjustments of the trait that controls water loss into the atmosphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dry season onQuercus suberL. leaf traits in the Iberian Peninsula

Prats

Brodersen

Ashton

2019

American J of Botany

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“…All this indicates that, apart from the availability of soil water and nutrients, the plants responded to other environmental stimuli (photoperiod, solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, etc.) [10,13,48]. The latter controlled the d of the new developing leaves at all times, suggesting the existence of an internal mechanism that stimulates and transmits the signal [10].…”

Section: Stomatal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Variability and Plasticity in Cuticular Transpiration and Leaf Permeability Allow Differentiation of Eucalyptus Clones at an Early Age

Carignato

Vázquez‐Piqué

Tapias

et al. 2019

Forests

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Background and Objectives. Water stress is a major constraining factor of Eucalyptus plantations’ growth. Within a genetic improvement program, the selection of genotypes that improve drought resistance would help to improve productivity and to expand plantations. Leaf characteristics, among others, are important factors to consider when evaluating drought resistance evaluation, as well as the clone’s ability to modify leaf properties (e.g., stomatal density (d) and size, relative water content at the time of stomatal closure (RWCc), cuticular transpiration (Ec), specific leaf area (SLA)) according to growing conditions. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing these properties in nursery plants of nine high-productivity Eucalyptus clones. Material and Methods: Five Eucalyptus globulus Labill. clones and four hybrids clones (Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake × Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, 12€; Eucalyptus urograndis × E. globulus, HE; Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden–E. grandis × E. globulus, HG; Eucalyptus saligna Sm. × Eucalyptus maidenii F. Muell., HI) were studied. Several parameters relating to the aforementioned leaf traits were evaluated for 2.5 years. Results: Significant differences in stomatal d and size, RWCc, Ec, and SLA among clones (p < 0.001) and according to the dates (p < 0.001) were obtained. Each clone varied seasonally the characteristics of its new developing leaves to acclimatize to the growth conditions. The pore opening surface potential (i.e., the stomatal d × size) did not affect transpiration rates with full open stomata, so the water transpired under these conditions might depend on other leaf factors. The clones HE, HG, and 12€ were the ones that differed the most from the drought resistant E. globulus control clone (C14). Those three clones showed lower leaf epidermis impermeability (HE, HG, 12€), higher SLA (12€, HG), and lower stomatal control under moderate water stress (HE, HG) not being, therefore, good candidates to be selected for drought resistance, at least for these measured traits. Conclusions: These parameters can be incorporated into genetic selection and breeding programs, especially Ec, SLA, RWCc, and stomatal control under moderate water stress.

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“…Esta estrategia explicaría los altos porcentajes de supervivencia medidos en genotipos cuya conductancia estomática disminuyó durante el experimento y se mantuvo en valores cercanos a cero durante el dé-ficit hídrico, siendo los genotipos que presentaron bajas tasas de conductancia estomática y transpiración aún en condiciones no limitantes de disponibilidad hídrica (Eb, En1, Eg10, Eg14 y Eg24) más sensibles al estrés hídri-co. Según lo observado en plantas de E. globulus sometidas a estrés por competencia con malezas por Garau et al (2008), la disminución de la conductancia estomáti-ca en estrés hídrico moderado, como medio que permite posponer el estrés hídrico, sería una estrategia potencial para aumentar la supervivencia. Sin embargo, Eksteen et al (2013) reportaron para la misma especie que la rápida disminución de esta variable ante el estrés hídrico también se relaciona con bajas tasas de crecimiento, lo que podría generar que en la primera etapa del establecimiento de plantaciones aumente la competencia con malezas por luz, agua y nutrientes incrementando el estrés hídrico y disminuyendo la disponibilidad de otros recursos.…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

“…Sin embargo, la disminución de la tasa fotosintética no solo es explicada por este factor, sino que también por otros como cambios en la de difusión del CO 2 y en la conductancia de este a través del mesófilo ). Algunas investigaciones señalan que la buena correlación existente entre conductancia estomática y fotosíntesis permite usarla como referencia para evaluar estrés hídri-co (Medrano et al 2002, Pita et al 2005, Eksteen et al 2013 y, en consecuencia, evaluar los efectos de la mejora genética en la resistencia a la sequía sobre el crecimiento (Wikberg y Ögren 2004). El análisis de estos procesos fisiológicos que regulan los flujos de agua en las plantas (absorción y pérdida) permiten cuantificar la eficiencia con la que estas usan el agua.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified