Stomach cancer history in the siblings of patients with gastric carcinoma

Abstract

A case-control study in the population of the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey was conducted to learn the incidence of stomach cancer in the siblings of patients with gastric carcinoma. Among 1240 patients with gastric carcinoma, 168 had sibling(s) with a history of stomach cancer versus 19 cases in the control group matched according to age and gender (OR 10.07, P < 0.0001). The frequency of a history of stomach cancers and cancer of other organs in first- to third-degree relatives was 60.7% and 38.0%, respectively, of 168 sibling cases with gastric carcinoma (P < 0.0001). Fifty-two point three per cent of sibling cases having a history of cancer in other organs in their relatives also reported stomach cancer in the same-degree relatives. The number of stomach cancers in the first- to third-degree relatives of sibling cases was higher than the number of other organ cancers in the same-degree relatives (P < 0.01). Familial clustering of stomach cancer was reported in 12.5% of sibling cases. The study of stomach cancer history in the siblings suggests: the presence of a genetic susceptibility, high risk of the disease occurrence in the siblings of patients, higher predisposition to gastric than to other organ cancers in the relatives, and not infrequent familial clustering.

What is the quantitative risk of gastric cancer in the first-degree relatives of patients? A meta-analysis

“…All but three of the studies were published in English, one in Spanish and one was in Korean. The results of one of the included studies were published separately for siblings and parents[12,13] and one publication included two different studies on hospital- and community-based populations[14]. The primary objective of seventeen studies was to estimate the risk of gastric cancer in relatives of patients.…”

Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS): guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED)

“…Having a first-degree relative with gastric cancer is a risk factor for gastric cancer with an OR varying from 2 to 10 in relation to geographic region and ethnicity [170]. A large study from Turkey reported an OR of 10.1 for siblings of gastric cancer patients, although these results were not adjusted for environmental factors [171]. Other European (OR 1.8-3.5), American (OR 2.2), and Asian (OR 1.5-9.9) case-control studies consistently provided corroboration that having a family history of gastric cancer is a risk factor [172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179].…”

Family history and the risk of gastric cancer

“…In these studies, the odds ratios (OR) of gastric cancer were calculated with reference to one or more first-or second-degree relatives with gastric cancer, but the definition of a positive family history varied between studies. Most studies combined all first-degree relatives (i.e., siblings and parents) but one study published results separately for siblings and parents (Bakir et al, 2000(Bakir et al, , 2003. Dhillon et al (2001) studied 695 cases and 629 population-based controls from the United States and estimated the familial relative risk for gastric cancer to be 2.2 (95% CI 1.5 -3.3).…”

“…In the large Turkish study, the results for siblings were published in 2000 (see Bakir et al, 2000) and the results for parents were published in 2003 (see Bakir et al, 2003). This large study included 1240 cases of gastric cancer and 1240 hospitalbased non-cancer controls.…”