Stock and stability of organic carbon in soils under major agro-ecological zones and cropping systems of sub-tropical India

Basak, Nirmalendu; Mandal, Biswapati; Datta, Ashim; Kundu, Manjari; Kumar, Arvind; Basak, P.C.; Mitran, Tarik

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2021.107317

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The carbon management index (CMI), is a reliable attribute to assess the capability of management practices for stimulating soil quality (Saha et al, 2021). CMI was calculated by multiplying the carbon pool index (CPI) with the lability (LI) using Equations () as described by Blair et al (1995) and Basak et al (2021) as:

CMI = CPI \times LI \times 100

CPI = \frac{TOC ((), amendment)}{TOC ((), unamended control)}

LI = \frac{LC ((), amendment)}{LC ((), unamended control)}

Lability of normalC ((), LC) = \frac{{normalC}_{VL}}{TOC - C_{VL}}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have also demonstrated the agro–ecological zonation and cropping system based labile and recalcitrant pools in soils of subtropical (Basak et al, 2021; Chaudhary et al, 2017; Datta et al, 2018), arid (Srinivasarao et al, 2013), and temperate regions (Debnath et al, 2020; Shimoda & Wagai, 2020). Rice among the cereal–based cropping systems, maintains an appreciable amount of SOC in recalcitrant pool (Basak et al, 2021; Chaudhary et al, 2017). The SOC recalcitrance for rice soil is conferred by soil anoxia led protection mechanisms (Shimoda & Wagai, 2020), N fertilization (Meena et al, 2020), irrigation (Kaur et al, 2008), and supply of duly–prepared organic amendments (Majumder et al, 2008; Meena et al, 2020; Srinivasarao et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The carbon management index (CMI), is a reliable attribute to assess the capability of management practices for stimulating soil quality (Saha et al, 2021). CMI was calculated by multiplying the carbon pool index (CPI) with the lability (LI) using Equations ( 6)-( 9) as described by Blair et al (1995) and Basak et al (2021) as:…”

Section: Carbon Management Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such segregation is convenient to evaluate the effect of soil management practices on relative allocation of SOC into different pools. Previous studies have also demonstrated the agro-ecological zonation and cropping system based labile and recalcitrant pools in soils of subtropical (Basak et al, 2021;Chaudhary et al, 2017;Datta et al, 2018), arid (Srinivasarao et al, 2013), and temperate regions (Debnath et al, 2020;Shimoda & Wagai, 2020). Rice among the cereal-based cropping systems, maintains an appreciable amount of SOC in recalcitrant pool (Basak et al, 2021;Chaudhary et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Quantification of soil active (labile) and stable/recalcitrant (passive) SOC pools is generally done to understand the pathway of how C is hoarded, stored, or stabilized within the soil ecosystem (Zimmermann et al, 2007). The partitioning of SOC-pools in soil is influenced by different factors, such as, inherent soil mineralogy and aeolian processes (Das et al, 2019), ecology (Sanderman et al, 2017), and crops and crop management practices (Basak et al, 2021). The portion of SOC with less residence time and faster oxidation is separated as labile C pool, which influences soil food web, feeds, energy of soil biome, and nutrient cycling.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gypsum and pressmud amelioration improve soil organic carbon storage and stability in sodic agroecosystems

et al. 2021

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Salinity-induced land degradation poses a threat to environment and food production globally. Farmers' participatory research was carried out to assess the potential of gypsum (Gyp) and pressmud (PM) in alleviating the sodicity stress, and improvement in soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and its stability in the Trans Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Intensive rice-wheat cultivation using alkali water increased soil pH, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and bulk density (BD) causing a net depletion in SOC. Gypsum (supplies soluble Ca 2+ ) and pressmud (mobilizes native CaCO 3 ) mediated amelioration (Gyp + PM) significantly decreased soil sodification and compaction, and improved total organic carbon (TOC; 32%-64%) over the unamended control. Higher left-over C for SOC stabilization, crop biomass, and rhizodeposition returned through Gyp + PM significantly improved SOC pools and C sequestration culminating in $25% yield superiority over the unamended control.Within SOC pools, highest proportion was equally retained in very labile and nonlabile C pools. On average, the passive pool contained $45% of TOC; albeit to a greater contribution through PM followed by Gyp + PM and Gyp. Rice-wheat system yield (RWSY) was positively correlated with SOC pools and indices while negatively correlated with soil pH, ESP, BD, CaCO 3, and recalcitrant index. Multiple regression analysis showed stratification ratio, CaCO 3 , sensitivity index, and BD as key variables for yield prediction under the existing levels of soil sodicity. The key insights suggest ecosystem-based approach using Gyp + PM in restoring the degraded lands, enhancing crop resilience and system (SOC enrichment and storage) stability, and achieving UN-Sustainable Development Goals related to food security and land degradation neutrality.

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CMI = CPI \times LI \times 100

CPI = \frac{TOC ((), amendment)}{TOC ((), unamended control)}

LI = \frac{LC ((), amendment)}{LC ((), unamended control)}

Lability of normalC ((), LC) = \frac{{normalC}_{VL}}{TOC - C_{VL}}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The carbon management index (CMI), is a reliable attribute to assess the capability of management practices for stimulating soil quality (Saha et al, 2021). CMI was calculated by multiplying the carbon pool index (CPI) with the lability (LI) using Equations ( 6)-( 9) as described by Blair et al (1995) and Basak et al (2021) as:…”

Section: Carbon Management Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%