Stochastic Schrödinger equations in cavity QED: physical interpretation and localization

Kist, Tarso B. Ledur; Orszag, Miguel; Brun, Todd A.

doi:10.1088/1464-4266/1/2/009

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, in order to discern the quantum entropy production, we first review the class of quantum thermodynamic processes appropriate for the repeated interaction setup, allowing for driving by an external agent and possibly nonequilibrium environments. This class of processes is inspired by the cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments proposed in [9,13,20].…”

Section: Quantum Thermodynamic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach we will wait to comment on till the conclusion in section 7. Here, we consider another scenario typically encountered in quantum optics as a means to model continuous measurement [9,20,23], and analyzed rigorously by Nechita and Pellegrini in [24]. To make the environment's effect small, we take the interaction time to be short, hτ 1.…”

Section: Entropy Production For Quantum Jump Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trajectories we analyze here are the individual realizations of a quantum Markov jump process of a finite-dimensional open quantum system. In particular, we model the evolution of an open quantum system by employing the repeated interaction method originally proposed in quantum optics [9][10][11][12]. Within this formalism the effect of an infinite environment is modeled as a rapid sequence of interactions with a series of copies of one small quantum system.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Entropy production along nonequilibrium quantum jump trajectories

2013

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For classical nonequilibrium systems, the separation of the total entropy production into the adiabatic and nonadiabatic contributions is useful for understanding irreversibility in nonequilibrium thermodynamics. In this paper, we formulate quantum analogues for driven open quantum systems describable by quantum jump trajectories by applying a quantum stochastic thermodynamics. Our main conclusions are based on a quantum formulation of the local detailed balance condition.The nomenclature emphasizes that for an adiabatic (slow) process-during which the system remains in its instantaneous stationary state-S na = 0, and all of the entropy production is due to the adiabatic component, S tot = S a . Far from being a simple recasting, this decomposition provides a refined understanding of irreversibility in nonequilibrium processes [6]. Both S a and S na are individually always positive (on average), unlike S and S env . Equation (1) is particularly useful when applied to stationary states that support dissipative currents. In this case, S a quantifies the entropy production needed to maintain these currents. Whereas, for transitions between stationary states, S na is a measure of irreversibility that remains finite in the limit of slow switching; S tot and S a are essentially useless, as they diverge due to the continuous dissipation present in nonequilibrium stationary states.Remarkably, each of these entropy productions satisfies a detailed fluctuation theorem on the level of individual, fluctuating, microscopic trajectories. Namely, the change in trajectorydependent total entropy s tot , nonadiabatic entropy s na and adiabatic entropy s a , can be New Journal of Physics 15 (2013) 085028 (http://www.njp.org/) deduced by comparing the probability P of observing a microscopic trajectory γ to the probability of its reverseγ occurring in a distinct thermodynamic process:where the probability densitiesP and P + correspond to different notions of time reversal whose definitions will be elaborated later. The advantage of representing these entropy productions as ratios of trajectory probabilities is that it immediately implies that they each satisfy an integral fluctuation theorem, and each are positive on average [2]: S tot = s tot 0, S na = s na 0 and S a = s a 0, where the angle brackets denote an average over all trajectories. Since the discovery of the fluctuation theorems, extending them, and subsequently (1), to a quantum setting has been an active pursuit [7,8]. Still, a decomposition akin to (1) for quantum thermodynamics is lacking. In this paper, we develop such a decomposition. Our approach is to take (2) and (3) as defining equations for the various entropy productions. However, adapting them to a quantum setting requires a consistent interpretation of a trajectory for an open quantum system. The trajectories we analyze here are the individual realizations of a quantum Markov jump process of a finite-dimensional open quantum system. In particular, we model the evolution of an open quantum system by employing ...

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Section: Quantum Thermodynamic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Entropy Production For Quantum Jump Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Entropy production along nonequilibrium quantum jump trajectories

2013

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“…The corresponding experimental set-up is presented in figure 1. It has been considered in [23] without the second cavity. A similar set-up has been studied in [24], but the atoms were assumed to be pumped in their 'excited' state before entering the first cavity (r g = 0).…”

Section: The Experimental Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-enhanced squeezing in cavity QED

Spehner

Orszag

2002

J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt.

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We study the time evolution of the quantum field inside a cavity coupled to a beam of two-level atoms of temperature T , given that each atom, after having crossed the cavity, interacts with a classical field E and finally with a detector measuring its state. It is found that, if the coupling between the atoms and the quantum field is weak and E is not too small, for any given realization of the measurements, an arbitrary initial state of the field localizes after some time into squeezed states. The centre α of the squeezed state moves randomly in time in the complex plane, but the squeezing amplitude r and phase φ show very small fluctuations. Their mean values r and φ are independent of the random results of the measurements, of the initial state and of the atom-field coupling constant λ. The time evolution of r and φ is determined analytically by deriving and solving the quantum state diffusion equation describing the field dynamics in the limit of small λ, keeping E finite. It is shown that r increases with T , i.e., the squeezing is enhanced by increasing the temperature of the atomic beam.

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“…Preparing the desired simulator dynamics is a reservoir engineering [15] problem, which involves design of the environment or its coupling to the system. Reservoir engineering has been proposed and applied for a variety of systems, for example in entanglement generation and protection [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], dissipative computation [29], and in preparing effective thermal baths for harmonic oscillators [30] and single atoms [31]. Reservoir engineering has also been applied to the problem of open quantum system simulation [6,12,28,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering thermal reservoirs for ultracold dipole–dipole-interacting Rydberg atoms

2018

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We consider an open quantum system of ultracold Rydberg atoms. The system part consists of resonant dipole-dipole-interacting Rydberg states. The environment part is formed by 'three-level atoms': each atom has a ground state, a short-lived excited state, and a Rydberg state that interacts with the system states. The two transitions in the environment atoms are optically driven, and provide control over the environment dynamics. Appropriate choice of the laser parameters allows us to prepare a Boltzmann distribution of the system's eigenstates. By tuning the laser parameters and system-environment interaction, we can change the temperature associated with this Boltzmann distribution, and also the thermalization dynamics. Our method provides novel opportunities for quantum simulation of thermalization dynamics using ultracold Rydberg atoms.

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Stochastic Schrödinger equations in cavity QED: physical interpretation and localization

Cited by 37 publications

References 38 publications

Entropy production along nonequilibrium quantum jump trajectories

Entropy production along nonequilibrium quantum jump trajectories

Temperature-enhanced squeezing in cavity QED

Engineering thermal reservoirs for ultracold dipole–dipole-interacting Rydberg atoms

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