Stochastic Resonance in Insulator-Metal-Transition Systems

Abstract

Stochastic resonance (SR) is an ingenious phenomenon observed in nature and in biological systems but has seen very few practical applications in engineering. it has been observed and analyzed in widely different natural phenomenon including in bio-organisms (e.g. Mechanoreceptor of crayfish) and in environmental sciences (e.g. the periodic occurrence of ice ages). the main idea behind SR seems quite unorthodox-it proposes that noise, that is intrinsically present in a system or is extrinsically added, can help enhance the signal power at the output, in a desired frequency range. Despite its promise and ubiquitous presence in nature, SR has not been successively harnessed in engineering applications. in this work, we demonstrate both experimentally as well as theoretically how the intrinsic threshold noise of an insulator-metal-transition (iMt) material can enable SR. We borrow inspiration from natural systems which use SR to detect and amplify low-amplitude signals, to demonstrate how a simple electrical circuit which uses an iMt device can exploit SR in engineering applications. We explore two such applications: one of them utilizes noise to correctly transmit signals corresponding to different vowel sounds akin to auditory nerves, without amplifying the amplitude of the input audio sound. this finds applications in cochlear implants where ultra-low power consumption is a primary requirement. the second application leverages the frequency response of SR, where the loss of resonance at outof-band frequencies is used. We demonstrate how to provide frequency selectivity by tuning an extrinsically added noise to the system.

Additive Noise-Induced System Evolution (ANISE)

“…Now let us fit this unknown factor numerically. To this end, numerical simulations of the random network (1) permits to compute the time-dependent network mean V(t n ) with discrete time t n = n t and time step t and its temporal derivative 2 with respect to b yields an optimum SGS-factor b. The corresponding parameter search is done by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) [68,69].…”

“…However, noise may also be beneficial to the systems dynamics and thus represents an inevitable ingredient. In engineering, for instance, cochlear implants can improve their signal transmission rate by adding noise and thus save electrical power [2].…”

Control of stochastic and inverse stochastic resonances in a liquid-crystal electroconvection system using amplitude and phase noises

“…Usually, SR shows a maximal output performance peak corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio at a moderate optimal noise level. Since Benzi et al first suggested this phenomenon and its underlying mechanism in a study on ice-age cycles [2,3], SR has been extensively investigated in various fields, including physics [4,5], chemistry [6,7], biology [8,9], information technology [10,11], and brain science [12,13]. In contrast, an opposing phenomenon known as the inverse stochastic resonance (ISR) was initially discovered in a neural system [14][15][16], showing a minimal output performance peak at a moderate optimal noise intensity.…”

“…In addition to the commonly used amplitude noise, our method consisted in using the, usually overlooked, phase noise [25,26]. Moreover, we used a colored noise with a finite autocorrelation time (c ≠ 0) [17,21,22,[27][28][29][30][31], instead of the conventional quasi-white noise (c ≈ 0) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]27].…”

Kramers' escape problem for white noise driven switching in ferroelectrics

“…Subsequently, it was discovered in the nervous systems of crayfish and paddlefish as an evolutionary mechanism, resulting in its importance in neurobiological research [35], [36]. Recently, several engineering applications which use this phenomenon have also emerged, such as a visual aid [37], a low power photodetector [38], an Insulator-Metal Transition (IMT) system [39]. Few papers [40], [41] have presented device applications for weak electronic signal detection.…”