Stochastic Properties and Outage in Crosstalk-Impaired OOK-DD Weakly-Coupled MCF Applications With Low and High Skew×Bit-Rate

Weakly-Coupled MCF Direct-Detection OOK Systems Impaired by Laser Phase Noise

“…To investigate the impact of the laser source on the 10 Gb/s OOK system performance, the BER was monitored experimentally over more than two consecutive days. As low BER levels are obtained in most of the time and worse BER events, induced by high ICXT powers, occur sporadically [4,6], the performance of these systems should be characterized using the outage probability, i. e., the probability that the BER exceeds a given BER threshold. The outage probability was assessed from experimental BER measurements with a pre-FEC BER threshold of 1.5×10 -2 =10 -1.82 (20.5% FEC).…”

“…Two adjacent cores of a weaklycoupled homogeneous 19-core MCF with skew between cores of 8.8 ns and decorrelation time of a couple of minutes are used. With this, the skew-bit rate product is much higher than one which is preferable from the performance viewpoint in carrier assisted systems [6,7]. At the output of the interfered core, the STAXT power induced by the OOK signal is monitored by a power meter.…”

“…However, for unmodulated signals launched into the interfering cores, the short-term average crosstalk (STAXT) power, i. e., the average ICXT power measured at the output of the interfered core by an optical power meter along a very short time interval (≈100 ms), changes randomly over time and frequency [2,3]. These random fluctuations may lead to time periods in which very high ICXT peak power levels occur and, therefore, time intervals with possible service unavailability may happen [4][5][6]. With carrier-free signals, the ICXT power fluctuations can be relieved by using MCFs with high skew-bit rate product.…”

Correlation and Power Distribution of Intercore Crosstalk Field Components of Polarization-Coupled Weakly Coupled Single-Mode Multicore Fibres

“…Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of the two-core WC-MCF cross section representing the interfering core m (blue) with radius a m , the interfered core n (red) with radius a n , the corresponding core pitch Λ mn , and the cladding of the MCF with diameter d c . The usual range of values for the WC-MCF size parameters are the following: (i) core radius [3.8 µm, 4.7 µm] [17,20,28,29]; (ii) core pith [30 µm, 45 µm] [8,17,20,[28][29][30]; and (iii) core cladding diameter [125 µm, 260 µm] [5] (p. 22), [8,20,25,[29][30][31][32].…”

“…In order to devise mitigating strategies for the effects of ICXT on the performance of WC-MCF systems, several works have proposed ICXT models based on coupled-mode theory and coupled-power theory to evaluate the mean ICXT power and other stochastic parameters related to ICXT [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Relying on those models, the impact of the ICXT on the performance of different types of OCSs were assessed [20][21][22]. However, although those models have considered effects such as fiber bending, twist, and structure fluctuations in the accumulation of ICXT along the WC-MCF, the impact of birefringence on ICXT accumulation has been much less considered.…”