Stochastic Polarization Switching Dynamics in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers: Theory and Experiment

Danckaert, Jan; Peeters, Michael; Mirasso, Claudio R.; Miguel, M. San; Verschaffelt, Guy; Albert, Jan; Nagler, Bob; Unold, H.J.; Michalzik, Rainer; Giacomelli, Giovanni; Marín, F.

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2004.837014

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), timedelayed optical feedback or optical coupling can modify the intrinsic competition between orthogonal polarization modes and induce or suppress polarization switching [13][14][15][16][17][18]. The mode competition dynamics in the presence of time delay are moreover very sensitive to noise (spontaneous emission noise or external noise source), which not only may drive transitions between stable states but also may lead to constructive dynamical effects such as coherence resonance [19][20][21][22] and stochastic resonance [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifurcation to square-wave switching in orthogonally delay-coupled semiconductor lasers: Theory and experiment

Masoller

Sukow

Gavrielides³

et al. 2011

Phys. Rev. A

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We analyze the dynamics of two semiconductor lasers with so-called orthogonal time-delayed mutual coupling: the dominant TE (x) modes of each laser are rotated by 90• (therefore, TM polarization or y) before being coupled to the other laser. Although this laser system allows for steady-state emission in either one or in both polarization modes, it may also exhibit stable time-periodic dynamics including square waveforms. A theoretical mapping of the switching dynamics unveils the region in parameter space where one expects to observe long-term time-periodic mode switching. Detailed numerical simulations illustrate the role played by the coupling strength, the mode frequency detuning, or the mode gain to loss difference. We complement our theoretical study with several experiments and measurements. We present time series and intensity spectra associated with the characteristics of the square waves and other waveforms observed as a function of the strength of the delay coupling. The experimental observations are in very good agreement with the analysis and the numerical results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifurcation to square-wave switching in orthogonally delay-coupled semiconductor lasers: Theory and experiment

Masoller

Sukow

Gavrielides³

et al. 2011

Phys. Rev. A

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“…However, it has recently been pointed out that these do not account for some dynamic effects of the system, including polarisation chaos [41]. Furthermore, whilst the improved three-variable reduction obtained via the method of multiple scales has been very successful in accounting for experimental results on polarisation switching in conventional VCSELs (see, e.g., [42,43]), its extension to reveal the key importance of the spin carrier population difference in spin-VCSELs has not been reported. In the present contribution a three-variable reduction of the SFM equations specifically for spin-VCSELs is presented and used to derive steady-state solutions and stability boundaries for dynamic states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Variable Reduction of the Spin-Flip Model for Spin-VCSELs

Adams

Huang

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Recent increased interest in spin-polarised vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (spin-VCSELs) as potential high-speed sources has spurred research into the analysis of their dynamics. This has often been explored by combining the spin-flip model (SFM) with numerical methods. However, numerical simulation does not readily expose key dependencies and to date there is a lack of accessible closed-form analytical results for the steady-state solutions and dynamic stability boundaries. Thus in the present contribution we address this and show that, for zero dichroism, the five rate equations of the SFM can be reduced to a set of three. These can be solved in the steady-state in terms of the intensity and polarisation of the pump (optical or electrical), and the ellipticity of the output. Additionally, a small-signal analysis leads to analytic results for the boundaries between stable and unstable operation in the plane of pump ellipticity versus pump intensity. Comparison of the results from these expressions with those from numerical bifurcation and continuation methods shows very good agreement. The accuracy of the reduced set of equations is confirmed by comparing the results with those from the full set of SFM equations. In the limiting case of very high birefringence, as would be required for a potential THz source, a simple algebraic relation is derived for the spin relaxation rate in terms of other parameters. Hence we find that the range of spin relaxation rates to achieve THz oscillations is very limited. The relative simplicity of the present approach thus offers a rapid, intuitive and convenient route to study the dynamics of spin-VCSELs.

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“…Some studies have focused on the switching between polarization modes [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Others studies have investigated switching between different longitudinal modes(LMs) of the laser, or switching between directional modes in ring lasers [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength tuning speed in semiconductor ring lasers using on-chip filtered optical feedback

Verschaffelt

Khoder

Nguimdo

et al. 2014

Silicon Photonics and Photonic Integrated Circuits IV

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Semiconductor ring lasers are promising sources in photonic integrated circuits because they do not require cleaved facets or mirrors to form a laser cavity. In this work, we characterize the wavelength switching speed of a tunable semiconductor ring lasers using filtered optical feedback. The filtered optical feedback is realized by employing two arrayed waveguide gratings to split/recombine light into different wavelength channels. Semiconductor optical amplifiers are placed in the feedback loop in order to control the feedback of each wavelength channel independently. The wavelength switching is achieved by changing the currents injected in the semiconductor optical amplifier gates. Experimentally, we observe a wavelength transition time of 5 ns. However, we also noticed a non-negligible delay in the switching process. [ Khoder et al, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 26, 520-523, 2014]. We numerically reproduce the experimental results using rate equations taking into account the effect of spontaneous emission. The simulations further elaborate on the effect of the noise strength on the wavelength transition time and the delay time.

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Stochastic Polarization Switching Dynamics in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers: Theory and Experiment

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Bifurcation to square-wave switching in orthogonally delay-coupled semiconductor lasers: Theory and experiment

Bifurcation to square-wave switching in orthogonally delay-coupled semiconductor lasers: Theory and experiment

Three-Variable Reduction of the Spin-Flip Model for Spin-VCSELs

Wavelength tuning speed in semiconductor ring lasers using on-chip filtered optical feedback

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