Stochastic optimization of an Electric Vehicle Fleet Charging with Uncertain Photovoltaic Production

Abstract

Abstract-Simultaneous development of photovoltaic generation and electric vehicles strengthens the solicitations on the electric power system. This paper investigates the possible synergy between these players to jointly improve the production predictability while ensuring a low carbon mobility. It stands for a step towards a quantification of its economic and environmental fallout. First a context is described for a PV-EV collaboration. Then this is gathered into an optimization problem. Grid commitment constraints, battery aging and mobility needs are here considered from the environmental point of view of equivalent primary energy. Finally, a resolution method is presented which achieve an time-efficient optimization of the power flow for each vehicle, based on upstream computed charging policies. It relies on a stochastic modeling of both vehicles availability and forecast error of the PV production. The resolution framework is the stochastic dynamic programming, coupled with on-line minimization so as to avoid the curse of dimensionality. The proposed resolution enables to compute optimal power flow for each vehicle, even among large fleets. The emphasis is here set on a versatile resolution method which could take over many detailed objective functions.

A scenario-based stochastic optimization model for charging scheduling of electric vehicles under uncertainties of vehicle availability and charging demand

“…Refs. (Le Goff Latimier et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2014). In this paper, the parameters of such components will not be considered uncertain.…”

Electric Vehicles Fleet for Frequency Regulation Using a Multi-Agent System

“…When there is an overproduction compared to the commitment, the storage equipment is recharged. In this way, this virtual plant should be able to respect its commitment [1][2][3]. However, this solution may require an important storage equipment capacity.…”

“…More generally, several studies have already been carried out on the management of a vehicle fleet to respond to smart grid issues: respect of a power profile [1][2][3], frequency stability [9,10], etc. Different methods have been used to manage this fleet in spite of the complexity.…”

A Charging and Discharging Data Privacy Protection Scheme for V2G Networks Based on Cloud–Fog-End

“…EVs can serve as distributed energy storage systems [2], charging from the grid during low demand periods and discharging during peak demand, thus helping to alleviate grid load fluctuations and providing economic benefits to EV users [3]. With policy support and ongoing battery technology innovation, the EV industry is experiencing rapid development [4]. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that the global number of EVs will reach 230 million by 2030 [5].…”