Stochastic gravitational wave background: Methods and implications

Remortel, N. Van; Janssens, K.; Turbang, K.

doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2022.104003

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(374 reference statements)

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“…cos p θ = b n,m,r,s cos t (1) n,m,r,s ω ln f cos t (2) n,m,r,s ω ln f we can rewrite the SNR (18) and the Fisher matrix (20) as…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Log-periodic gravitational-wave background beyond Einstein gravity

Calcagni,

Kuroyanagi

2023

Class. Quantum Grav.

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Periodic patterns of logarithmic oscillations can arise in primordial curvature perturbation spectra and in the associated gravitational-wave background via different mechanisms. We show that, in the presence of log oscillations, the spectral shape of the stochastic background has a unique parametrization independent of its physical origin. We also show that this log-periodic modulation can be generated in any scenario beyond Einstein gravity endowed with an approximate discrete scale invariance, a symmetry typical of deterministic fractal spacetimes that could emerge in quantum gravity under certain conditions. We discuss how a log-oscillatory spectral shape arises from concrete inflationary models beyond Einstein gravity and the prospects for detection in Einstein Telescope and other next-generation gravitational-wave observatories. We find that these instruments will be sensitive to log-periodic features if the detection is made with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and that the error scales as 1 / SNR .

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“…cos p θ = b n,m,r,s cos t (1) n,m,r,s ω ln f cos t (2) n,m,r,s ω ln f we can rewrite the SNR (18) and the Fisher matrix (20) as…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main protagonists in this quest is the stochastic GW background (GWB), the random superposition of GWs from different sources [18][19][20]. Models of GWB can usually be divided into two, those of relatively late astrophysical origin and those of primordial origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Log-periodic gravitational-wave background beyond Einstein gravity

Calcagni,

Kuroyanagi

2023

Class. Quantum Grav.

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“…The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is the diffuse gravitational wave (GW) signal produced by the superposition of numerous unresolved sources [1][2][3][4][5]. Based on its different origins, the SGWB is generally divided into two categories: the cosmological GW background (CGWB) and the astrophysical GW background (AGWB).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the anisotropies of the cosmological gravitational-wave background from pulsar timing array observations

Ding,

Tian

2024

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Significant evidence for a stochastic gravitational-wave background has recently been reported by several Pulsar Timing Array observations. These studies have shown that, in addition to astrophysical explanations based on supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), cosmological origins are considered equally important sources for these signals. To further explore these cosmological sources, in this study, we discuss the anisotropies in the cosmological gravitational wave background (CGWB) in a model-independent way. Taking the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) 15-year dataset as a benchmark, we estimate the angular power spectra of the CGWB and their cross-correlations with cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations and weak gravitational lensing. We find that the NANOGrav 15-year data implies suppressed Sachs-Wolf (SW) effects in the CGBW spectrum, leading to a marginally negative cross-correlation with the CMB at large scales. This procedure is applicable to signals introduced by different early universe processes and is potentially useful for identifying unique features about anisotropies of CGWB from future space-based interferometers and astrometric measurements.

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“…The hunt for stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (SGWBs) (see [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] for recent reviews) has started with the advent of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy, based on sensitive laser interferometry [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and the pulsar timing arrays [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Future earth-based experiments [25][26][27] as well as space-borne missions [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] will also join this hunt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering gravitational-wave backgrounds from noises of unknown shape with LISA

Baghi

Karnesis

Bayle

et al. 2023

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Detecting stochastic background radiation of cosmological origin is an exciting possibility for current and future gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. However, distinguishing it from other stochastic processes, such as instrumental noise and astrophysical backgrounds, is challenging. It is even more delicate for the space-based GW observatory LISA since it cannot correlate its observations with other detectors, unlike today's terrestrial network. Nonetheless, with multiple measurements across the constellation and high accuracy in the noise level, detection is still possible. In the context of GW background detection, previous studies have assumed that instrumental noise has a known, possibly parameterized, spectral shape. To make our analysis robust against imperfect knowledge of the instrumental noise, we challenge this crucial assumption and assume that the single-link interferometric noises have an arbitrary and unknown spectrum. We investigate possible ways of separating instrumental and GW contributions by using realistic LISA data simulations with time-varying arms and second-generation time-delay interferometry. By fitting a generic spline model to the interferometer noise and a power-law template to the signal, we can detect GW stochastic backgrounds up to energy density levels comparable with fixed-shape models. We also demonstrate that we can probe a region of the GW background parameter space that today's detectors cannot access.

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Stochastic gravitational wave background: Methods and implications

Cited by 13 publications

References 192 publications

Log-periodic gravitational-wave background beyond Einstein gravity

Log-periodic gravitational-wave background beyond Einstein gravity

On the anisotropies of the cosmological gravitational-wave background from pulsar timing array observations

Uncovering gravitational-wave backgrounds from noises of unknown shape with LISA

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